Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41594088›Full record

ArticleAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Metagenomic Comparison of Bat Colony Resistomes Across Anthropogenic and Pristine Habitats.

Julio David Soto-López, Omar Velásquez-González, Manuel A Barrios-Izás, Moncef Belhassen-García, Juan Luis Muñoz-Bellido, Pedro Fernández-Soto, Antonio Muro

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Julio David Soto-LópezInfectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-2237-9691
Omar Velásquez-GonzálezComputational Chemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, University of San Carlos Guatemala, Guatemala City 01012, Guatemala.ORCID 0000-0003-0625-5066
Manuel A Barrios-IzásResearch Institute, University Center of Zacapa, University of San Carlos of Guatemala, Zacapa 01019, Guatemala.
Moncef Belhassen-GarcíaInternal Medicine Service, Infectious Diseases Unit, HUS, IBSAL, e-INTRO, CIETUS, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-2230-1256
Juan Luis Muñoz-BellidoInternal Medicine Service, Infectious Diseases Unit, HUS, IBSAL, e-INTRO, CIETUS, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5981-8785
Pedro Fernández-SotoInfectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-4089-4307
Antonio MuroInfectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-0244-4740

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesThe mammalian microbiota constitutes a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), which can be shaped by environmental and anthropogenic factors. Although bat-associated bacteria have been reported to harbor diverse ARGs globally, the ecological and evolutionary determinants driving this diversity remain unclear.

methodsTo characterize ARG diversity in wildlife exposed to contrasting levels of human influence, we analyzed homologs of resistance mechanisms from the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database in shotgun metagenomes of bat guano. Samples were collected from a colony exposed to continuous anthropogenic activity in Spain (Salamanca) and from a wild, non-impacted bat community in China (Guangdong). Metagenomic analyses revealed marked differences in taxonomic and resistome composition between sites.

resultsSalamanca samples contained numerous hospital-associated genera (e.g.,

conclusionsThese findings suggest that anthropogenic exposure enhances the diversity and evenness of resistance mechanisms within bat-associated microbiomes, potentially increasing their role as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance.

Indexed as

antimicrobialbatsmicrobialresistanceshotgun metagenomics

Identifiers

PMID41594088
PMCPMC12838372

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.