ArticleInjury epidemiology2026
Rural adolescent attitudes and use of helmets while snowmobiling.
Article in Injury epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundHelmet-preventable head injuries are a common cause of snowmobiling-related injury. Our objective was to determine the demographics, helmet use, and attitudes regarding snowmobile helmet use among rural adolescents.
methodsAn anonymous survey was administered to a convenience sample of adolescents (ages 13-18) at the 2022 Iowa FFA Leadership Conference. Frequency and comparative analyses were performed.
resultsOf the 1,331 respondents, 58% were female and 96% non-Hispanic White. One-half lived on farms, 21% lived in the country/not on a farm, and 28% lived in town. One-quarter (26%) lived in households owning a snowmobile, with higher ownership among farm residents (31%) compared to those in the country/not on a farm (23%) or in town (19%), p < 0.001. Over one-third of participants had ridden in the past year. Riding was more common amongst males, Caucasians, farm residents, and those from households owning snowmobiles (all p ≤ 0.01). Frequent riding (at least weekly) was higher among older teens and snowmobile-owning households (p = 0.025 and p < 0.001, respectively). Helmet use was: 67% always/mostly, 11% sometimes, and 21% rarely/never. The importance of snowmobile helmet use (from 1 to 10) was highly rated (median, 9; mean, 8.2). Relative to their peers, females (p = 0.018), those owning snowmobiles (p < 0.001), and frequent riders (p < 0.01) had greater proportions wearing helmets always/most of the time, and rated the importance of helmet use more highly. 59% supported snowmobile helmet laws.
conclusionWhile most rural adolescents value snowmobile helmet use and support legislation, nearly half report inconsistent use. Importantly, our study identified demographic groups for targeted interventions.
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