Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41593441›Full record

ArticleBMC geriatrics2026

Association between cognitive function and all-cause mortality among US older adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.

Zhaorong Lin, Ai Wang, Maosen Lin, Weifeng Guo, Jiasheng Yin, Yan Yan

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC geriatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Zhaorong LinDepartment of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Ai WangDepartment of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Maosen LinDepartment of Cardiology, Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
Weifeng GuoDepartment of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Jiasheng YinDepartment of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Yan YanDepartment of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. yanyan_zhongshan@sina.com.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82070463Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University H2025-049
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome (CKM) is associated with an increased risk of mortality among older adults, but the relationship between cognitive function and mortality across different stages of CKM remains unclear. This study investigated the associations between cognitive performance and all-cause mortality among older adults with different stages of CKM syndrome.

methodsThe current cohort analyzed data from 1155 United States older adults aged ≥ 60 years. Cognitive function was measured using typical cognitive tests. Participants were classified into non-advanced CKM and advanced CKM groups. Weighted regression models were used to explore the association between cognitive function and mortality.

resultsFollowing full adjustment for potential confounders, higher cognitive function scores were associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality risk in both advanced and non-advanced CKM groups. The highest quartile group exhibited a decreased risk of mortality in cognitive tests ( hazard ratio < 1, P < 0.05). Significant interactions were observed between subgroups of cognitive scores, smoking status, and body mass index.

conclusionImproving cognitive function may lower the risk of mortality among older adults with non-advanced CKM and advanced CKM.

Indexed as

Cardio-Renal SyndromeCognitionMetabolic SyndromeAgedAged, 80 and overCause of DeathCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMortalityUnited StatesAll-cause mortalityCardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic syndrome (CKM)Cognitive function

Identifiers

PMID41593441
PMCPMC12924372

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.