Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41591760›Full record

ArticleActa obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica2026

Comparison of severe maternal morbidity between pregnancy with subclinical hypothyroidism and overt hypothyroidism.

Laurel S Aberle, Katherine E Bayard, Kimberly M Juarez, Jennifer A Yao, Shinya Matsuzaki, Tatsuya Miyake, Aaron D Masjedi, Rachel S Mandelbaum, Caroline T Nguyen, Joseph G Ouzounian and 1 more

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Laurel S AberleDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Katherine E BayardDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Kimberly M JuarezDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Jennifer A YaoDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Shinya MatsuzakiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Tatsuya MiyakeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Aaron D MasjediDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Rachel S MandelbaumDivision of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Caroline T NguyenDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Joseph G OuzounianDivision of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Koji MatsuoDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6232-8701

Funding

Ensign Endowment for Gynecologic Cancer Research
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMaternal outcomes of pregnancy with subclinical hypothyroidism continue to be active areas of research interest. The objective of this study was to compare severe maternal morbidity at delivery between pregnant patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and those with overt hypothyroidism. MATERIAL AND

methodsThis cross-sectional study queried the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's National Inpatient Sample. Study population included 11 620 hospital deliveries with a diagnosis code of subclinical hypothyroidism and 697 320 hospital deliveries with a diagnosis code of overt hypothyroidism. Main outcome was severe maternal morbidity per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition (20 indicators), assessed with multivariable generalized linear model.

resultsPregnancy with subclinical hypothyroidism was associated with a 54% higher rate of severe maternal morbidity at delivery compared with those with overt hypothyroidism (18.1 and 11.1 per 1000 deliveries, adjusted-incidence rate ratio [aIR] 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34-1.76). Among the individual severe maternal morbidity indicators, the incidence rate of eclampsia (2.2 versus 0.7 per 1000 deliveries, aIR 2.73, 95% CI: 1.83-4.09) was particularly higher among pregnancies with subclinical hypothyroidism compared with pregnancies with overt hypothyroidism. In an exploratory evaluation according to patient demographics, maternal age younger than 25 years (31.9 vs. 9.4 per 1000 deliveries, aIR 3.62, 95% CI: 2.62-5.01), Black individuals (55.2 vs. 24.7 per 1000 deliveries, aIR 2.21, 95% CI: 1.60-3.06), pregestational hypertension (70.2 vs. 27.2 per 1000 deliveries, aIR 2.20, 95% CI: 1.60-3.03), and obesity disorder (35.2 vs. 16.7 per 1000 deliveries, aIR 1.87, 95% CI: 1.48-2.35) were associated with higher rates of severe maternal morbidity for subclinical hypothyroidism compared with overt hypothyroidism. Severe maternal morbidity rates were more than twice as high for subclinical hypothyroidism compared with overt hypothyroidism among pregnant patients younger than 25 years with obesity disorder (79.4 vs. 10.1 per 1000 deliveries, aIR 7.89, 95% CI: 4.78-13.02), Black individuals with pregestational hypertension (157.9 vs. 40.2 per 1000 deliveries, aIR 3.15, 95% CI: 1.77-5.61), and Black individuals with obesity disorder (102.0 vs. 33.9 per 1000 deliveries, aIR 2.81, 95% CI: 1.83-4.32).

conclusionsThe results of this cross-sectional study suggest that subclinical hypothyroidism may be associated with higher rates of severe maternal morbidity at delivery compared with overt hypothyroidism.

Indexed as

HypothyroidismPregnancy ComplicationsAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansPregnancyPregnancy OutcomeUnited Statesovert hypothyroidismpregnancysevere maternal morbiditysubclinical hypothyroidism

Identifiers

PMID41591760
PMCPMC12942046

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.