Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41591467›Full record

ReviewCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2026

Unleashing CAR-T potential in solid tumors: overcoming intrinsic and extrinsic hurdles to improve therapy.

Zhiwei Zhang, Dawei Cui, Hao Wang, Liming Wu, Xia Liu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  5. Frontiers in immunology · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Zhiwei ZhangZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311215, PR China.
Dawei CuiDepartment of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
Hao WangDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
Liming WuDepartment of General Surgery, Center for Metabolism Research, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China.
Xia LiuZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311215, PR China. L210136@zju.edu.cn.

Funding

2023 Hangzhou West Lake Pearl Project Leading Innovative Youth Team Project No. TD2023017National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 82471867Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China LQ21H090015Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China LZ24C080001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown transformative success in hematologic malignancies, yet its application in solid tumors remains limited by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic barriers. Intrinsically, CAR-T cells face challenges such as CAR instability, T cell exhaustion, insufficient tumor infiltration, and poor persistence. Extrinsically, the tumor microenvironment (TME) acts as a formidable obstacle, with physical barriers, metabolic constraints, and immunosuppressive signals that dampen CAR-T cell function. Recent advancements in CAR transduction, genetic reprogramming, and combination therapies have revealed novel strategies to overcome these hurdles. This review explores cutting-edge innovations aimed at unleashing the full potential of CAR-T therapy in solid tumors, focusing on strategies that enhance CAR-T cell function and persistence while addressing the immunosuppressive TME. By examining both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, we provide a comprehensive framework for future research and clinical application to improve CAR-T therapy for solid tumor treatment.

Indexed as

Immunotherapy, AdoptiveNeoplasmsReceptors, Chimeric AntigenT-LymphocytesAnimalsHumansT-Cell ExhaustionTumor MicroenvironmentReceptors, Chimeric AntigenCAR-T cellCAR transductionCombination therapySolid tumorTumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID41591467
PMCPMC12847500

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.