Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41591171›Full record

ReviewToxins2026

Scorpion Venom Neurotoxins: Molecular Diversity, Mechanisms, and Drug Scaffolds.

Yun Huang, Peter Muiruri Kamau, Jiamin Wang, Mingyue Gao, Bowen Li

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Toxins, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yun HuangState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Peter Muiruri KamauDepartment of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
Jiamin WangState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Mingyue GaoState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Bowen LiState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9059-2166

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 31900375National Natural Science Foundation of China 32471557Science and Technology Projects of Xizang Autonomous Region XZ202402ZD0005the Science and Technology Department of Gansu Province 23JRRA1085
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Venom is a key evolutionary innovation of venomous organisms in the long-term process of survival adaptation. As one of the oldest arthropods, scorpions produce venom rich in bioactive peptides that also constitute a valuable pharmacological resource. Omics-driven discovery and structural biology have expanded the peptide catalog and clarified structure-function principles across disulfide-bridged (DBPs) and non-disulfide-bridged peptides (NDBPs). Within this arsenal, ion-channel targeting neurotoxins predominantly modulate Nav, Kv, Calcium, Chloride, and TRP channels to achieve predation, defense, and competition. Owing to their unique mechanisms of action and significant therapeutic potential, scorpion venom peptides have attracted sustained interest as leads and scaffolds for drug development. This review synthesizes current knowledge of scorpion venom composition, with an emphasis on the pivotal role of neurotoxins, covering their molecular diversity, structural features, and modes of ion-channel modulation, as well as emerging applications in disease treatment.

Indexed as

NeurotoxinsScorpion VenomsAnimalsHumansIon ChannelsPeptidesScorpionsIon ChannelsNeurotoxinsPeptidesScorpion Venomsdrug discoveryion channelneurotoxinscorpionvenom

Identifiers

PMID41591171
PMCPMC12846725

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.