Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41590790›Full record

ArticleJournal of functional biomaterials2025

Evaluation of the Dimensional Accuracy of 3D-Printed Aligners: An In Vitro Study Using Reverse Engineering Analysis.

Samuele Avolese, Fabrizio Sanna, Simone Parrini, Giada Chiarello, Danila Lava, Ambra Sedran, Andrea Deregibus, Nicola Scotti

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of functional biomaterials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Samuele AvoleseDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Polytechnic University of Turin, 10129 Torino, Italy.ORCID 0009-0009-2375-4407
Fabrizio SannaDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Polytechnic University of Turin, 10129 Torino, Italy.ORCID 0009-0003-5238-1001
Simone ParriniSpecialization School in Orthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School of the University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2501-4065
Giada ChiarelloSpecialization School in Orthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School of the University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.ORCID 0009-0005-6959-1907
Danila LavaSpecialization School in Orthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School of the University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.ORCID 0009-0002-7394-6844
Ambra SedranDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Polytechnic University of Turin, 10129 Torino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3269-3510
Andrea DeregibusSpecialization School in Orthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School of the University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3434-4867
Nicola ScottiDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Dental School of the University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7380-1675

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to investigate the dimensional deformation that can occur during the fabrication of a 3D-printed aligner made with the TC-85 DAC resin (Graphy Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea) and determine if the manual removal of the print supports before final aligner curing affects the dimensional accuracy.

methods10 subjects with permanent dentition were selected, and a set of aligners was digitally designed using the uDesign Direct Aligner beta software (Graphy Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea). Each aligner was 3D-printed using TC-85 DAC resin (Graphy Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea) twice: one copy was produced removing the print supports before final curing, whereas the other was cured with the supports still attached. The aligners were digitized and compared to the original design of the digitally designed aligner using RMS and Inter-second molar distance data to identify variations between 3D-produced aligners and their respective digital design.

resultsthe comparison between aligners produced in two different ways was statistically significant with a

conclusionsthe manual removal of the print supports before final curing affects the dimensional accuracy of aligners made by direct 3D printing, permanently altering the aligner's internal geometry, confirming that post-processing conditions significantly affect dimensional stability.

Indexed as

3-dimensional printing3D scannerdigital modelsdigital simulationpost-processing

Identifiers

PMID41590790
PMCPMC12843038

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.