ArticleDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Early Post-Transplant Protein Biomarkers for Risk Stratification of Renal Allograft Dysfunction: Diagnostic Value and Clinical Chemistry Perspectives.
Article in Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundEarly recognition of renal allograft dysfunction requires biochemical markers capable of detecting molecular injury before functional decline becomes apparent. Serum creatinine, a late and nonspecific indicator of renal function, has limited value for early diagnosis. Protein biomarkers implicated in tubular injury, inflammation, and immune activation-including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), β2-microglobulin, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-have emerged as promising alternatives. This study evaluated early post-transplant serum profiles of these biomarkers and their prognostic relevance for long-term graft outcomes.
methodsNineteen adult recipients undergoing primary kidney transplantation were prospectively enrolled. Serum creatinine and protein biomarkers were measured 24 h post-transplant using validated immunochemical assays. Biomarker concentrations were compared with values from healthy controls, and correlations with renal function at 12 months were assessed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate predictive performance.
resultsSignificant biochemical alterations were observed at 24 h post-transplant. KIM-1 levels were markedly elevated compared with controls (74.50 ± 98.45 vs. 10.54 ± 17.19 ng/mL;
conclusionsAmong the evaluated biomarkers, KIM-1 demonstrated the strongest potential as an early biochemical indicator of renal allograft dysfunction. Its rapid post-transplant elevation underscores its sensitivity to early tubular injury. Further prospective validation in larger, multicenter cohorts is warranted.
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