Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41589199›Full record

ArticleJournal of surgical case reports2026

Delayed endoscopic retrieval of a retained toothbrush: a case report of a rare 3-year asymptomatic retention.

Hala Abdallah, Ameer Ameen, Rayan Yousif, Ahmed Rafei, Mohammed Ganim, Ghssan Abulgasim, Rawan A Bedab, Reem Salah, Abdelmoneim Eltayeb Abdo

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of surgical case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Hala AbdallahResearch Department, National Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, 17 Street, Amarat, Khartoum 2, Khartoum State, PO Box 12217, 15004, Sudan.
Ameer AmeenResearch Department, National Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, 17 Street, Amarat, Khartoum 2, Khartoum State, PO Box 12217, 15004, Sudan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2014-711X
Rayan YousifResearch Department, National Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, 17 Street, Amarat, Khartoum 2, Khartoum State, PO Box 12217, 15004, Sudan.
Ahmed RafeiResearch Department, National Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, 17 Street, Amarat, Khartoum 2, Khartoum State, PO Box 12217, 15004, Sudan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4403-3056
Mohammed GanimResearch Department, National Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, 17 Street, Amarat, Khartoum 2, Khartoum State, PO Box 12217, 15004, Sudan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0785-1040
Ghssan AbulgasimResearch Department, National Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, 17 Street, Amarat, Khartoum 2, Khartoum State, PO Box 12217, 15004, Sudan.
Rawan A BedabResearch Department, National Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, 17 Street, Amarat, Khartoum 2, Khartoum State, PO Box 12217, 15004, Sudan.
Reem SalahResearch Department, National Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, 17 Street, Amarat, Khartoum 2, Khartoum State, PO Box 12217, 15004, Sudan.
Abdelmoneim Eltayeb AbdoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Ibn Sina Hospital, 17 Street, Amarat, Khartoum 2, Khartoum State, PO Box 12217, 15004, Sudan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Foreign body ingestion is a common clinical issue, but swallowing a full-sized toothbrush is exceptionally rare. We report a case of a 32-year-old Sudanese male with a three-year history of an accidentally ingested toothbrush. The patient presented with mild epigastric pain and intermittent dysphagia but no acute complications. Imaging, including X-ray and computed tomography, failed to identify the foreign body. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a complete toothbrush lodged in the stomach, with its head extending into the duodenum. The object was successfully removed intact using a polypectomy snare under conscious sedation, without mucosal injury or complications. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges posed by radiolucent foreign bodies and underscores the key role of endoscopy in both diagnosis and treatment. It also demonstrates that delayed endoscopic removal can be safely accomplished, though early retrieval remains essential to prevent serious outcomes such as perforation or obstruction.

Indexed as

case reportconscious sedationendoscopyforeign bodygastrointestinal tracttoothbrush ingestion

Identifiers

PMID41589199
PMCPMC12832023

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.