Trial reportInternational journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association2026
Impact of Patient-Controlled Bag Squeeze on Pain and Anxiety in Male Patients Undergoing Flexible Cystoscopy: A Double-Blind Randomized Control Study.
Trial report in International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Impact of Patient-Controlled Bag Squeeze on Pain and Anxiety in Male Patients Undergoing Flexible Cystoscopy: A Double-Blind Randomized Control Study.International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2026Trial
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe aim of this randomized control trial is to evaluate the effect of patient-controlled irrigation on pain and anxiety during outpatient flexible cystoscopy in male patients. MATERIALS AND
methodsFrom April to June 2025, a prospective, double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted. Male outpatients undergoing diagnostic flexible cystoscopy were randomly allocated to either squeeze a functioning water bag connected to the irrigation system (patient-controlled bag squeeze group) or a disconnected sham bag (standard irrigation group). The primary outcome was Visual Analogue Scale for pain. Secondary outcomes included changes in the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Visual Analogue Scale for satisfaction, physiological metrics, and patient preference regarding self-involvement in bag squeezing.
resultsA total of 50 patients were randomized to the patient-controlled bag squeeze (n = 24) or standard irrigation (n = 26) group. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. The patient-controlled bag squeeze group demonstrated significantly higher irrigation volume and flow rate, with no difference in procedure duration. Pain scores were significantly lower (p = 0.0001) and satisfaction scores higher (p = 0.006) in the patient-controlled bag squeeze group. A significantly greater proportion of patients in the patient-controlled bag squeeze group reported a favorable preference for the intervention (p = 0.002). No differences were seen in physiological measures or anxiety reduction, and no infections occurred.
conclusionsPatient-controlled bag squeeze appears to be a safe and effective analgesia method comparable to caregiver-assisted methods, and demonstrates favorable patient preference.
trial registrationUniversity Hospital Medical Information Network clinical trials registry, Japan: UMIN000057485.
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