ArticleBMC pediatrics2026
Hypoglycemia on admission, associated factors, and early outcome among neonates admitted to the neonatal unit at Muhimbili National Hospital.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundNeonatal hypoglycemia is a significant metabolic disturbance contributing to neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, associated factors, management practices, and early outcomes of hypoglycemia among neonates admitted to Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Tanzania.
methodsA prospective Cohort study was conducted at MNH from November 2024 to April 2025, enrolling 130 neonates aged 0-28 days. Hypoglycemia was defined as a random blood glucose level < 2.6 mmol/L. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and glucometer readings. Statistical analysis included Chi-square tests and Fisher's exact to identify factors associated with hypoglycemia.
resultsOf the 130 neonates, 28.5% (n = 37) were hypoglycemic. In the adjusted analysis, prematurity (aOR ~ 3.88, 95% CI:1.39-11.66, p = 0.012), maternal diabetes (aOR ~ 4.97, 95%CI 1.78-15.01, p = 0.003), and absent feeding at presentation (aOR ~ 2.6, 95% CI: 1.05-6.74, p = 0.045) were independently associated with hypoglycemia. Among hypoglycemic neonates, 59.5% (n = 22/37) received oral feeding and 18.9% (n = 7/37) received no active treatment. Hypoglycemic neonates had significantly poorer early outcomes compared to normoglycemic neonates (aOR for adverse outcome (death/continued hypoglycemia) ~ 5.1, 95% CI: 1.9-13.8).
conclusionsNeonatal hypoglycemia was highly prevalent, particularly among preterm and those born to diabetic mothers. Standardized protocols that include routine screening, early and frequent feeding, and structured follow up are urgently needed to reduce morbidity and mortality.
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