Observational studyChild's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery2026
Management and outcomes of craniectomy and cranioplasty in pediatric intracranial infections: a multicenter cohort study.
Observational study in Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sinogenic Subdural Empyema in an Adolescent: Multifocal Disease, Decompressive Craniotomy, and Complete Recovery.Cureus · 2026Article
- Definitive reconstruction of frontal asymmetry in an adolescent with anterior plagiocephaly due to unilateral coronal craniosynostosis using a hybrid osteo-titanium technology based on an individualized approach: A case report.Surgical neurology international · 2026Article
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22 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundIn recent years, there has been a noticeable increase in severe intracranial infections among pediatric patients, often requiring craniotomy or decompressive craniectomy. However, determining the optimal timing and material for cranioplasty in pediatric patients presents an ongoing challenge.
methodsWe conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients treated between 2013 and 2024. A total of 76 children with intracranial infections were included; 37% of those underwent decompressive craniectomy. Of these, 21% subsequently received cranioplasty using various graft materials. Clinical, microbiological, radiological, and neurosurgical data were analyzed to assess risk factors, outcomes, and complications.
resultsCraniectomy was significantly associated with the presence of sinusitis (p = 0.025) and paresis (p = 0.006). Streptococcus intermedius was the predominant pathogen identified in the craniectomy group (p < 0.001). Cranioplasty was performed in 16 patients at a median of 6.9 months post-craniectomy, with a low complication rate (6.25%, one wound impairment). Functional outcome improved significantly in patients with hemicraniectomy after cranioplasty with favorable mRS scores at 3-month follow-up (p = 0.037).
conclusionCraniectomy is frequently required in pediatric patients with severe intracranial infections and is followed by delayed cranioplasty with low complication rates in our cohort. Careful timing and individualized material selection are essential for safe and successful cranial reconstruction in this vulnerable population.
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