Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41587769›Full record

ArticleJMIR human factors2026

Perspectives of Frontline Clinicians and End-Line Users on Smartphone-Based Photography for Assessing Traumatic Dental Injuries: Focus Group Interview Study and Thematic Analysis.

Emily C Schultz, Boyen Huang, Margaret Shenouda, Mohamed Estai, Sarbin Ranjitkar, Jeffrey P Louie, Patimaporn Pungchanchaikul

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR human factors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Emily C SchultzDepartment of Primary Dental Care, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN, United States.ORCID 0009-0001-4775-8869
Boyen HuangDepartment of Primary Dental Care, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-1246-7447
Margaret ShenoudaDepartment of Primary Dental Care, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN, United States.ORCID 0009-0001-5113-4231
Mohamed EstaiSchool of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7109-0267
Sarbin RanjitkarSchool of Dentistry, College of Health, Adelaide University, Adelaide, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1957-0719
Jeffrey P LouieDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8945-8880
Patimaporn PungchanchaikulFaculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.ORCID 0009-0009-8963-6366

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMobile health (mHealth) is increasingly used in teledentistry for telediagnosis and other services; yet, the perceptions of frontline clinicians and end-line users regarding these technologies remain unexplored.

objectiveThis study examined the acceptability, feasibility, and usability of an mHealth model for telediagnosis from the perspectives of frontline clinicians and end-line users.

methodsA qualitative study using focus group interviews was conducted with 15 participants, including frontline clinicians and end-line users. Frontline clinicians captured dental images via a smartphone app, while end-line users assessed them through an mHealth platform. Interview transcriptions were thematically analyzed using consensus coding.

resultsThematic analysis identified 9 key themes: feasibility and perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, compatibility, self-image and social influences, self-efficacy, voluntariness and behavior intention, anxiety, facilitating conditions, and attitudes toward a behavior. Participants considered smartphone-based photography acceptable and feasible for remote dental assessment. Facilitators and barriers to implementing the mHealth model were highlighted, and recommendations for improvements were proposed.

conclusionsCyclical education and professional development are essential to enhancing user confidence and technology usability. Addressing patient and clinician resistance through targeted education, improved communication, and operational upgrades such as camera grids, system integration, and simplified login can support adoption. This study highlights mHealth's potential in emergency dental assessment and screening, particularly for underserved populations, and underscores opportunities for interprofessional collaboration. Future research should explore broader clinical applications across oral health conditions.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelPhotographySmartphoneTooth InjuriesAdultDigital HealthFemaleFocus GroupsHumansMaleMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchTelemedicineacceptabilitydental traumafeasibilityimage qualitymHealthteledentistrytelediagnosisusabilityuser perception

Identifiers

PMID41587769
PMCPMC12887554

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.