ArticleSpine deformity2026
Impact of preoperative mental health disorders on postoperative outcomes in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing surgery.
Article in Spine deformity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeMental health disorders (MHD) represent a growing concern in the pediatric population. This study aims to evaluate whether the presence of a mental health disorder influences perioperative and postoperative outcomes in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) undergoing surgery.
methodsUsing the TriNetX collaborative network, a retrospective cohort study was conducted including pediatric patients aged 18 and under who underwent surgery for AIS. Patients were divided based on the presence or absence of a preoperative DSM-5 psychiatric diagnosis. 1:1 propensity score matching was applied to balance covariates. Statistical analyses on primary outcomes were performed.
resultsPSM included 913 patients per cohort. MHD patients had higher odds of wound dehiscence at 3 months (OR 1.92; 95% CI 1.08-3.43), 6 months (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.10-3.39), 1 year (OR 1.85; 95% CI 1.07-3.17), and 2 years (OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.04-2.91). They also had increased risk of implant mechanical breakdown at 1 year (OR 2.65; 95% CI 1.27-5.52) and 2 years (OR 2.41; 95% CI 1.28-4.53). Similarly, they also had higher readmission at 3 months (OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.03-2.04), and ED visits at 2 years (OR 1.31; 95% CI 1.03-1.66). Following Holm-Bonferroni correction, the only outcome that remained significant was mechanical breakdown at 1 year (OR 2.65; 95% CI 1.27-5.52; p = 0.049) and 2 years (OR 2.41; 95% CI 1.28-4.53; p = 0.035).
conclusionsMental health disorders in AIS patients were associated with higher rates of postoperative complications, with only mechanical failure remaining significant after correction. These findings suggest that preoperative mental health disorders may be an important factor in recovery and surgical outcomes. Further research is needed to better understand these associations and to develop targeted perioperative strategies to optimize care for this population.
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