ArticleActa stomatologica Croatica2025
Influence of Propolis Extract on Bleaching Effectiveness and Enamel Physical Properties.
Article in Acta stomatologica Croatica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of propolis extract on dental enamel following tooth bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP). Materials and Methods: Sixty bovine enamel specimens were divided into six groups: Artificial Saliva (Control); Whiteness HP35% (HP35%); Whiteness HP35% + potassium nitrate desensitizer (HP35%+KF); Whiteness HP35% + potassium nitrate desensitizer + propolis extract (HP35%+KF+P); Whiteness HP35% + neutral fluoride + propolis extract (HP35%+F+P); and Whiteness HP35% + propolis extract (HP35%+P). The in-office bleaching protocol consisted of three sessions (3 × 15 minutes). Color change (ΔE*, ΔE Results: All HP-treated groups showed significantly greater color change compared to the control group. Surface roughness increased after bleaching; however, groups treated with desensitizers, fluoride, and/or propolis showed lower Ra values at T Conclusion: Propolis extract did not compromise the whitening efficacy or negatively affect enamel surface roughness or microhardness following treatment with high-concentration hydrogen peroxide.
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