Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41585071›Full record

ArticleEcancermedicalscience2025

Cervical cancer awareness among women recently diagnosed with cervical cancer in South Africa and Zimbabwe.

Sudarshan Govender, Tamsin K Phillips, Fiona M Walter, Sarah Day, Bothwell Guzha, Suzanne E Scott, Zvavahera M Chirenje, John E Ataguba, Nomonde Mbatani, Nazia Fakie and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Ecancermedicalscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Sudarshan GovenderDivision of Public Health Medicine, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
Tamsin K PhillipsDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
Fiona M WalterBarts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Sarah DayDivision of Public Health Medicine, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
Bothwell GuzhaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Box A178, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Suzanne E ScottBarts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Zvavahera M ChirenjeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Box A178, Harare, Zimbabwe.
John E AtagubaHealth Economics Laboratory, College of Community and Global Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada.
Nomonde MbataniDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
Nazia FakieDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
Jennifer MoodleyDivision of Public Health Medicine, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer remain high in Southern Africa (SA). We explored awareness of cervical cancer symptoms and risk factors, as well as risk lay beliefs among women recently diagnosed with cervical cancer from SA and Zimbabwe. Patients were asked to complete a locally validated questionnaire with unprompted, open-ended questions to assess awareness of cervical cancer symptoms and risk factors. Among 501 women (SA 285, Zimbabwe 216), 46% (229) were able to recall one or more symptoms (SA 24%, Zimbabwe 76%) and 19% (93) were able to recall one or more risk factors of cervical cancer (SA 27%, Zimbabwe 73%). In SA, factors associated with increased symptom awareness included higher education level (completion of secondary education compared to not completing secondary education; adjusted odds ratios (aOR) 2.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17-6.43) as well as living in urban and peri-urban areas compared to living in rural areas (Urban: aOR 2.98, 95% CI 1.35-6.80; Peri-urban: aOR 3.28, 95% CI 1.13-9.35). Having a self-reported history of a chronic condition was associated with lower risk factor awareness compared to not having a self-reported chronic condition (aOR 0.07, 95% CI 0.00-0.42). In Zimbabwe, those who self-reported living with HIV were more likely to know one or more risk factors compared to those without HIV (aOR 2.69, 95% CI 1.31-5.67). Overall, 90 (18%) women mentioned at least one lay belief about risk factors for cervical cancer, with the most reported being inserting herbs, creams or objects into the vagina (9%,

Indexed as

cervical cancerlay beliefsrisk factor awarenessSouth Africasymptom awarenessZimbabwe

Identifiers

PMID41585071
PMCPMC12826786

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.