Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41584684›Full record

ArticleExploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy2026

Financial burden of once daily extended-release tacrolimus and twice daily immediate-release tacrolimus for kidney transplant recipients.

Chris Hayes, Keren Rodriguez, Rachel Chelewski, Katie Cruchelow, Autumn D Zuckerman, Bridget Lynch, Ryan Moore, Leena Choi

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Chris HayesVanderbilt Transplant Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Keren RodriguezVanderbilt Transplant Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Rachel ChelewskiVanderbilt Transplant Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Katie CruchelowVanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Autumn D ZuckermanVanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Bridget LynchDepartment of Pharmaceutical Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Ryan MooreDepartment of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Leena ChoiDepartment of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tacrolimus is available as generic twice-daily, immediate-release capsules (IR-Tac) or branded once-daily, extended-release tablets (LCPT). Prescribers may be hesitant to prescribe LCPT due to the price of the branded drug. This single-center, retrospective study evaluated if adult kidney transplant patients paid significantly more for IR-Tac or LCPT prescriptions where institutional assistance is available. Adult kidney transplant recipients filling prescriptions for IR-Tac or LCPT from January 1, 2021 through June 30, 2022 were included. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the amount of out-of-pocket costs covered by secondary insurance and by institutional assistance. Of 18,411 fills (

Indexed as

AssistanceHealth equityInstitutional assistanceKidney transplantLCPTPharmacoeconomicsRenal transplantTacrolimusTransplantTransplant pharmacy

Identifiers

PMID41584684
PMCPMC12825074

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.