Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41584348›Full record

ArticleActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B2026

Photoimmunological hydrogel vaccine creates a supportive immune niche to promote antigen cross-presentation cascade and cancer-immunity cycle progression.

Hanxi Zhang, Jiazhen Lv, Wanyi Zhou, Jiangping Lei, Yu Yang, Jianqiao Kong, Chunhui Wu, Chuan Zheng, Fengming You, Yiyao Liu and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Hanxi ZhangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
Jiazhen LvDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
Wanyi ZhouDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
Jiangping LeiDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
Yu YangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
Jianqiao KongTraditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China.
Chunhui WuDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
Chuan ZhengTraditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China.
Fengming YouTraditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China.
Yiyao LiuDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
Hong YangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Therapeutic tumor vaccines have emerged as promising weapons for inducing robust and durable antitumor immune responses, demonstrating substantial potential for cancer treatment. However, clinical efficacy is significantly hindered by tumor immunogenicity scarcity, antigen presentation deficiency, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. To surmount these obstacles, we proposed an injectable photoimmunological hydrogel vaccine (CRPO/G@ALG) to improve immunotherapy outcomes through the dual mechanism of immunogenic cell death (ICD) induction and dendritic cell (DC) recruitment. The model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) and toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist resiquimod (R848) were incorporated into photothermal copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS) to construct the nanovaccine CRPO, which was subsequently encapsulated with the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in sodium alginate (ALG) to form the hydrogel vaccine CRPO/G@ALG. Following peritumoral administration, CRPO/G@ALG undergoes gelation in response to physiological calcium ions, facilitating the localized retention and controlled release of payloads. Near-infrared (NIR) irradiation triggers ICD in tumor cells, generating an

Indexed as

Cancer immunotherapyDendritic cell recruitmentGranulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factorImmunogenic cell deathOvalbuminResiquimodSodium alginateTherapeutic tumor vaccines

Identifiers

PMID41584348
PMCPMC12827898

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.