Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41584320›Full record

ArticleTremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.)2026

High Dose AbobotulinumtoxinA for Blepharospasm: A Case Report on the Safety and Efficacy of 500 Units of AbobotulinumtoxinA.

Kate Santoso, Ava Baghaei, Khashayar Dashtipour

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kate SantosoDepartment of Neurology, Loma Linda University Health System, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Ava BaghaeiDepartment of Neurology, Loma Linda University Health System, Loma Linda, CA, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-5527-4594
Khashayar DashtipourDepartment of Neurology, Loma Linda University Health System, Loma Linda, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3547-0443

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia characterized by involuntary eyelid closure that can impair vision and quality of life. Botulinum neurotoxin type A injections are the standard treatment. However, there is substantial variability in dose requirements among patients. Symptom severity ranges from mild, intermittent blinking to forceful, sustained spasms leading to functional blindness. Case Report: We present two cases of blepharospasm successfully managed with unusually high doses of AbobotulinumtoxinA administered over 8 and 13 treatment cycles, respectively. Discussion: Both patients achieved sustained symptomatic relief with only mild, self-limiting side effects, underscoring the importance of individualized dosing strategies in clinical practice. Highlights: Two patients with refractory blepharospasm were successfully managed with high-dose AbobotulinumtoxinA (500 U every 12 weeks)Both patients achieved sustained symptomatic improvement over multiple treatment cyclesAdverse effects were mild and transientHigh-dose AbobotulinumtoxinA may represent a safe and effective option for patients inadequately controlled with standard doses.

Indexed as

BlepharospasmBotulinum Toxins, Type ANeuromuscular AgentsAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedTreatment OutcomeabobotulinumtoxinABotulinum Toxins, Type ANeuromuscular AgentsAbobotulinumtoxinABlepharospasmBotulinum NeurotoxinDystonia

Identifiers

PMID41584320
PMCPMC12829445

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.