Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41583959›Full record

ArticleJournal of ophthalmic & vision research2025

Urbanization Inequalities on the Incidence of Intraocular Cancers in Iran: An 11-Year Nationwide Retrospective Ecological Study.

Sare Safi, Zahra Khorrami, Mohadese Ahmadzade, Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari, Hamidreza Rouientan, Seyed Mohammadmehdi Moshtaghion, Mohammad Abolhosseini, Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi, Saeed Karimi

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of ophthalmic & vision research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sare SafiOphthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Zahra KhorramiOphthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohadese AhmadzadeOphthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Esmaeil AkbariCancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hamidreza RouientanOphthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Seyed Mohammadmehdi MoshtaghionOphthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad AbolhosseiniOcular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mozhgan Rezaei KanaviOcular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Saeed KarimiOphthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: To report the relationship between urbanization and the incidence of intraocular cancers in Iran. Methods: In this retrospective ecological study, data were extracted from the Statistical Center of Iran, the Meteorological Organization, and the Iranian National Population-based Cancer Registry (INPCR, 2006-2016). The urbanization index (UI) was calculated using principal component analysis, and weighted multiple linear regression was used to assess the relationship between the UI and the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of intraocular cancers. Results: Six hundred and fifty-four intraocular cancer cases with a gender ratio (male-to-female) of 1:13 were recorded. The mean total 11-year ASIR of intraocular cancers was 0.093 per 100,000 population. The mean ASIR showed a decrease of 0.051 per 100,000 from 2006 to 2016 ( Conclusion: Urbanization was associated with a reduction in ASIR of intraocular cancers, which can be attributed to improved access to eye care facilities for timely diagnosis. However, given that the INPCR cases were verified only by histology, future research should be conducted on hospital-based registries using multiple data sources to address confounders and exposure factors and prevent underestimation of incidence rates.

Indexed as

IncidenceIntraocular CancersIranUrbanization

Identifiers

PMID41583959
PMCPMC12826603

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.