Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41583943›Full record

ArticleSurgery open science2026

Race/ethnicity on firearm & self-injuries during COVID-19 using TQIP data.

Veronica Layrisse Landaeta, Shahenda Khedr, Victoria Yuan, Eshani Pareek, Debra D'Angelo, Elizabeth Zhao, Gala Cygiel, Konstantin Khariton, Steven Y Chao

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Surgery open science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Veronica Layrisse LandaetaDepartment of Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Queens, 56-45 Main St, Flushing, NY 11355, USA.
Shahenda KhedrDepartment of Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Queens, 56-45 Main St, Flushing, NY 11355, USA.
Victoria YuanDepartment of Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Queens, 56-45 Main St, Flushing, NY 11355, USA.
Eshani PareekDepartment of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, 575 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY, 10022, USA.
Debra D'AngeloDepartment of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, 575 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY, 10022, USA.
Elizabeth ZhaoDepartment of Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Queens, 56-45 Main St, Flushing, NY 11355, USA.
Gala CygielDepartment of Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Queens, 56-45 Main St, Flushing, NY 11355, USA.
Konstantin KharitonDepartment of Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Queens, 56-45 Main St, Flushing, NY 11355, USA.
Steven Y ChaoDepartment of Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Queens, 56-45 Main St, Flushing, NY 11355, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic led to increased assaults, self-inflicted injuries, and firearm-related injuries across the nation, along with increased reports of depression and anxiety worldwide. Our study examines trends in these types of injuries among diverse racial and ethnic groups in the United States during this time. Methods: Data was extracted from the ACS-TQIP database, including patients with assaults, self-inflicted injuries and firearm-related injuries from 2018 to 2021. Pre-COVID period was defined as 2018-2019, and COVID period as 2020-2021. We performed univariable and multivariable logistic regressions to identify associations between injury rates and COVID period, sex, race, and ethnicity. Results: We identified 417,797 assaults (9.3% of traumas), 57,853 self-inflicted injuries (1.3%) and 208,882 firearm-related injuries (4.7%). Multivariable analysis revealed significant increase in assaults (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: [1.01, 1.03]; Conclusion: The COVID period saw higher odds of assaults, self-inflicted injuries, and firearm-related injuries in certain racial/ethnic minorities. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address the disproportionate impact on racial/ethnic minorities.

Indexed as

AssaultsCOVID-19 pandemicFirearm-related injuriesRacial and ethnic disparitiesSelf-inflicted injuriesTrauma and critical care

Identifiers

PMID41583943
PMCPMC12830306

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.