Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41583327›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Comparison of Perioperative Temperature Monitoring Sites During Elective Cesarean Deliveries: A Quality Improvement Initiative.

Nada Ismaiel, Snehi Shah, Nan Guo, Brendan Carvalho, Kelly Fedoruk

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nada IsmaielAnesthesiology, El Camino Health, Mountain View, USA.
Snehi ShahAnesthesiology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, USA.
Nan GuoAnesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.
Brendan CarvalhoAnesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.
Kelly FedorukAnesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImpaired thermoregulation secondary to neuraxial anesthesia during cesarean delivery (CD) can contribute to perioperative hypothermia and maternal morbidity. While temperature monitoring during CDs can detect hypothermia, the optimal temperature measurement modality for CDs under neuraxial anesthesia remains unclear. The aim of this quality improvement (QI) initiative was to compare perioperative temperature measurement modalities during CDs.

methodsThirty patients undergoing scheduled CDs were selected for this Institutional Review Board (IRB)-exempt QI initiative. Patients received standard neuraxial anesthesia and intraoperative care including active warming. Temperature measurements were taken at three perioperative time points: at skin incision, within 15 minutes after delivery of the infant(s), and at skin closure. Three modalities were used to measure temperature each time: (1) temperature-sensing Foley catheter, (2) oral temperature probe, and (3) skin temperature probe. Temperature modalities were compared using mean differences ± SD, correlation coefficients, and Bland-Altman (BA) plots.

resultsThe mean difference between oral vs. skin and oral vs. bladder temperatures was 0.238°C ± 0.380°C and 0.368°C ± 0.361°C, respectively. The overall temperature correlations between oral vs. skin, oral vs. bladder, and skin vs. bladder were 0.225, 0.588, and 0.198, respectively. In the end, the percentage of hypothermic temperatures (below 36°C) by modality were 0% (oral), 10% (skin), and 26.7% (bladder).

conclusionsThe results suggest a weak correlation between oral and skin temperature measurements, and a moderate correlation between oral and bladder temperatures. These findings should be considered when evaluating hypothermia after CD to enhance patient safety and guide improvement efforts.

Indexed as

cesarean deliveryob anesthesiaperi-operative medicinequality improvementtemperature monitoring

Identifiers

PMID41583327
PMCPMC12828851

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