ArticleCureus2025
Impact of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy on Visual Outcomes and Brain MRI Findings in Pediatric Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study From Northeast India.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveHypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains a significant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, often resulting in long-term neurological and visual impairment. This study aimed to identify the perinatal risk factors associated with HIE and evaluate the correlation between MRI abnormalities and visual outcomes in affected children. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective observational study was conducted among 40 pediatric patients with MRI-confirmed HIE at Sri Sankaradeva Nethralaya, Guwahati, India. Demographic, perinatal, and neonatal variables were analyzed along with ophthalmic findings, including visual acuity and fundus evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v. 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Chi-square, correlation, and logistic regression analyses were performed, with
resultsThe mean age was 2.9 ± 1.66 years, with a male predominance (30, 75%). Preterm birth (18, 45%) and low birth weight (20, 50%) were common and significantly associated with HIE (χ² = 6.27,
conclusionsPreterm birth, low birth weight, and neonatal hypoxia were major contributors to HIE-related visual and neurological morbidity. Cortical MRI could serve as a key prognostic marker for visual outcomes. Early ophthalmologic screening and multidisciplinary management are critical for improving long-term outcomes.
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