Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41582685›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics2026

Capacity building for healthcare workers on preventing and managing female genital mutilation: Impact on knowledge, attitudes, skills, and quality of care-A systematic review.

Chioma Oringanje, Sidney Oparah, Christina C Pallitto, Anthony Okoro, Mavis Otonkue, Faithman Ovat, Ogonna Nwankwo, Martin Meremikwu

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Capacity building for healthcare workers on preventing and managing female genital mutilation: Impact on knowledge, attitudes, skills, and quality of care-A systematic review.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026
    Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Chioma OringanjeDepartment of Biology, Xavier University, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7744-0344
Sidney OparahDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0280-7812
Christina C PallittoUNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1700-6774
Anthony OkoroCochrane Nigeria, Calabar Institute of Tropical Diseases Research & Prevention, Calabar, Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0546-0148
Mavis OtonkueCochrane Nigeria, Calabar Institute of Tropical Diseases Research & Prevention, Calabar, Nigeria.
Faithman OvatCochrane Nigeria, Calabar Institute of Tropical Diseases Research & Prevention, Calabar, Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1477-8347
Ogonna NwankwoDepartment of Community Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
Martin MeremikwuCochrane Nigeria, Calabar Institute of Tropical Diseases Research & Prevention, Calabar, Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6144-9413

Funding

Government of Norway and the UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development, and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), a cosponsored programme executed by the World Health Organization (WHO).World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite declining prevalence in some regions, female genital mutilation (FGM) remains a major public health issue, causing both immediate and long-term health complications.

objectivesThe objective of this present study was to determine the effect of training healthcare workers, providing access to resources for capacity-building, such as job aids, and its impact on knowledge, skills, and attitudes toward FGM and the quality of healthcare service delivery. SEARCH STRATEGY: The following major databases were searched from inception to May 2023: CINAHL Plus, IRIS, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and Web of Science, without language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA: Controlled studies based on predefined objectives. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Studies were independently assessed for eligibility and risk of bias. Data were extracted for meta-analyses and the evidence assessed using the GRADE approach. MAIN

resultsEight studies, including one cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT), were included The RCT showed moderate-quality evidence that training plus information, education, and communication (IEC) materials significantly improved knowledge, care practices, and confidence compared to IEC materials alone (P < 0.001). Similar trends were reported in the observational studies (very low-quality evidence). Point-of-care flip chart visual aids helped providers communicate messages more effectively to clients.

conclusionsThis review found that providing FGM training to healthcare workers, in addition to capacity-building resources, may improve knowledge, care for women and girls with FGM, communication skills, and reduce their support for the practice. However, the limited number of studies and the overall low quality of evidence weaken the strength and limit the generalizability of the findings.

Indexed as

Capacity BuildingCircumcision, FemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealth PersonnelQuality of Health CareClinical CompetenceFemaleHumansfemale genital mutilationfemale genital mutilation/cuttinghealthcare professionalstraining

Identifiers

PMID41582685
PMCPMC12833632

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.