ArticleJournal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID2026
Precision Teaching to Develop Key Word Sign Skills in Practitioners in Intellectual Disability Services: A Proof-of-Concept Study.
Article in Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Precision Teaching to Develop Key Word Sign Skills in Practitioners in Intellectual Disability Services: A Proof-of-Concept Study.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities frequently communicate through Key Word Signs (KWS). Although various methods have trained practitioners to sign, they have not led to increased use. This study evaluated whether Precision Teaching would lead to improved outcomes.
methodPractitioners were divided into experimental (n = 4) and control conditions (n = 5) using a multiple baseline across participants design. Experimental participants received Precision Teaching for 60 signs three times a week for 14 weeks. Control participants had completed a one-day training event via Makaton at least 1 year before. Naturalistic observations were conducted for all participants to measure signing while supporting service users.
resultsExperimental participants demonstrated fluency, emergent application, and maintenance of improvements. They also signed more than control participants when supporting clients.
conclusionPrecision Teaching can lead to increased usage of KWS under naturalistic conditions. However, training in isolation might be inadequate. Additional elements, such as practice leadership, are required.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.