Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41581890›Full record

ArticleInternational wound journal2026

Trends, Drivers and Projections of Pressure Injury Burden in China: Implications for National Healthcare Policy and Aging Governance.

Ruijuan Li, Xueneng Yang, Jun Shu, Ming Zeng, Junfei Liu, Limin Guo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International wound journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ruijuan LiDepartment of Burn, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Xueneng YangDepartment of Traumatic Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4760-4511
Jun ShuDepartment of Traumatic Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Ming ZengDepartment of Burn, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Junfei LiuDepartment of Geriatric Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
Limin GuoDepartment of Traumatic Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2257-3109

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pressure injuries represent a significant public health challenge in the context of global population aging. As China faces rapid aging, the characteristics of its disease burden and the strategies for prevention and control remain unclear. This study analyses the trends in the disease burden of pressure injuries in China over the past 30 years, based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data, and predicts the future trends over the next 20 years. The GBD 2021 data were used in combination with the Joinpoint regression model, age-period-cohort (APC) model and Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model to analyse the burden of pressure injuries in China from 1990 to 2021 and forecast trends from 2022 to 2040. Additionally, decomposition analysis was performed to quantify the contribution of population aging to the disease burden. In 2021, the number of people with pressure injuries in China was 102 938.9, the number of new cases was 397 312.3, the disability-adjustede life years (DALYs) totaled 27 383.5 and the number of deaths was 3131.5. The gender difference was characterised by 'higher prevalence in middle-aged men, with a reversal in very old women'. Between 1990 and 2021, the burden of pressure injuries significantly increased, with population aging being the main driving factor (46.5%-65.0%). The cohort effect indicated a higher risk for those born before 1942 (RR = 1.04-1.86), and a decreasing risk for those born after 1960 (RR = 0.91). Future projections suggest a 25.8% decrease in total cases, but an increased burden in those aged 85 and older, with deaths rising by 127%. This study highlights the aging-driven burden of pressure injuries in China, along with gender differences and typical period and cohort effects. As the population ages, the burden of pressure injuries in older age groups will continue to rise. The findings provide evidence for the 'Healthy China 2030' initiative and call for the inclusion of pressure injury prevention and control in the core agenda of national aging governance.

Indexed as

AgingCost of IllnessHealth PolicyPressure UlcerAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChinaDisability-Adjusted Life YearsFemaleForecastingHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceChinaglobal burden of diseasepopulation agingpressure injuriestrend forecasting

Identifiers

PMID41581890
PMCPMC12832163

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.