Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41581702›Full record

ArticleJournal of neuroscience methods2026

OpenIrisDPI: An open-source digital dual Purkinje image eye tracker for visual neuroscience.

Ryan A Ressmeyer, Jorge Otero-Millan, Gregory D Horwitz, Jacob L Yates

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neuroscience methods, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ryan A RessmeyerBioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA. Electronic address: ryanress@uw.edu.
Jorge Otero-MillanHerbert Wertheim School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, 380 Minor Hall, 94720, CA, USA.
Gregory D HorwitzBioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA; Neurobiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA.
Jacob L YatesHerbert Wertheim School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, 380 Minor Hall, 94720, CA, USA.

Funding

Washington National Primate Research CenterP51OD010425 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Mari Ostendorf · 2012 to 2026
$201.8M
Bi-directional neural interface for probing parallel visual pathwaysR01EY032900 · NEI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI CHICHILNISKY, EDUARDO, COGAN, STUART F · 2021 to 2024
$2.8M
Neural mechanisms of active vision in the foveaR00EY032179 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI YATES, JACOB L · 2022 to 2024
$747k
Perceptual stability during torsional eye movementsR00EY027846 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI OTERO-MILLAN, JORGE · 2020 to 2022
$739k
Neural mechanisms of active vision in the foveaK99EY032179 · NEI · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI YATES, JACOB L · 2021 to 2022
$224k
NEI NIH HHS K99 EY032179NEI NIH HHS R00 EY027846NEI NIH HHS R00 EY032179NEI NIH HHS R01 EY032900NIH HHS P51 OD010425
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVideo-based eye trackers are widely used in vision science, psychology, clinical assessment, and neurophysiology. Many such systems track the pupil center and corneal reflection (P-CR) and compare their positions to estimate the direction of gaze. However, P-CR eye trackers are often too imprecise for applications with stringent eye tracking quality requirements. NEW

methodWe present OpenIrisDPI, an open-source plugin for the OpenIris framework that implements dual Purkinje image (DPI) tracking. OpenIrisDPI supports simultaneous pupillography, a technique widely used in perceptual psychology and neuroscience, and it enables direct comparison between P-CR and DPI signals.

resultsData collected from macaque monkeys using OpenIrisDPI show that the P-CR method overestimates the amount of fixational drift between saccades compared to DPI. The accuracy of the DPI signal was further validated using high-density extracellular recording of neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus. Compensating for the effects of fixational eye movements using DPI signals produced sharper estimates of neuronal receptive fields than using simultaneously collected P-CR signals. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING

methodsOpenIrisDPI is provided as open-source software and operates on consumer-grade hardware, making it more accessible than previously described DPI eye trackers and less costly than many P-CR systems. To our knowledge, OpenIrisDPI is the first eye tracker to perform both pupillography and DPI eye tracking.

conclusionOpenIrisDPI makes high-precision eye tracking readily available to the research community. It is well suited for visual neuroscience applications, where accurate knowledge of the retinal image during experiments is critical.

Indexed as

Eye-Tracking TechnologyNeurosciencesAnimalsFixation, OcularGeniculate BodiesMacaca mulattaNeuronsPupilSaccadesSoftwareDigital eye trackingDual Purkinje imageLateral geniculate nucleusMacaca mulattaPupil decentrationPupilographyReceptive fields

Identifiers

PMID41581702
PMCPMC12900282

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.