ArticleBiomaterials2026
Profiling the T cell response to polypropylene mesh in a non-human primate sacrocolpopexy model.
Article in Biomaterials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Polypropylene mesh (PPM) improves anatomic outcomes in pelvic organ prolapse (POP) repair, yet complications-most commonly pain and mesh exposure-occur in ∼10 % of cases. Clinically, meshes that are implanted flat often demonstrate striking deformation at explanation, including pore collapse and wrinkling. Both computational models and in vivo studies confirm that mesh geometry changes substantially after tensioning during prolapse repair. Although T cells have been implicated in mesh-related complications, the specific impact of mesh deformation on adaptive immunity is not fully understood. To address this gap, a lightweight PPM (Restorelle) was implanted in nonhuman primates either in its flat configuration (stable, R0) or engineered into two progressively deformed geometries: R45 (unstable: pore collapsed) and RD (predeformed: pore collapsed + wrinkled). Sham-operated animals served as controls. Twelve weeks post-implantation, mesh-tissue complexes were analyzed to quantify T-cell phenotypes, tissue remodeling, and downstream healing outcomes. Findings were integrated with a comparative proteomic analysis of flat versus deformed human mesh explants. Mesh burden increased stepwise with deformation (R0 < R45 < RD). Deformation amplified T-cell infiltration within the vaginal adventitia, with helper T cells dominating and cytotoxic T cells contributing minimally. T
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