Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41580453›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Clinical characteristics and associated complications in diabetic patients with Grade 1 stress injury based on a TriNetX Retrospective Study.

Ya-Huei Chen, Pi-Hua Chang, Mei-Yu Chang, Ay-Line Ke, Shu-Yun Huang, Mei-Rong Weng, I-Chieh Chen, Jia-Lang Xu

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ya-Huei ChenDepartment of Nursing, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Pi-Hua ChangDepartment of Nursing, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Mei-Yu ChangDepartment of Nursing, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Ay-Line KeDepartment of Nursing, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Shu-Yun HuangDepartment of Nursing, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Mei-Rong WengDepartment of Nursing, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
I-Chieh ChenDepartment of Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Jia-Lang XuDepartment of Applied Statistics, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan. jlxu@nutc.edu.tw.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a global health burden often complicated by Stage 1 Pressure Injury (PI), Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease (PAOD), amputation, and mental illness. These complications impair quality of life and increase healthcare demands. This study examined the associations among PI, PAOD, amputation, and mental illness in diabetic patients to enhance clinical strategies. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using TriNetX multicenter data from 2014 to 2023. Diabetic patients with or without Stage 1 PI were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 6-month all-cause mortality for PAOD, amputation, and mental illness. Among 7697 diabetic patients, the HR for PAOD rose from 2.74 to 2.90, while mortality decreased slightly. The HR for amputation increased from 2.74 to 4.24, with minimal change in mortality. Mental illness risk slightly decreased (HR from 1.91 to 1.88), with a moderate reduction in mortality. First-degree PI in diabetic patients is associated with higher risks of PAOD and amputation, and slightly lower risk for mental illness. Early screening and prevention for at-risk individuals are essential to reduce complications and improve outcomes.

Indexed as

Diabetes ComplicationsDiabetes MellitusPeripheral Arterial DiseasePressure UlcerAgedAmputation, SurgicalFemaleHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMental DisordersMiddle AgedQuality of LifeRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsDiabetes mellitusPeripheral arterial obstructive diseaseStress injuryTriNetX

Identifiers

PMID41580453
PMCPMC12855839

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.