Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41580411›Full record

ArticleScientific data2026

Haplotype-resolved chromosome-level genome assemblies of nineteen apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars.

Sophie Watts, Steven Yates, Stijn Vanderzande, Cecilia Hong Deng, Francesca Zuffa, Yutang Chen, Graham Dow, Bruno Studer, Giovanni Antonio Lodovico Broggini

Abstract readDataset
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific data, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sophie Watts *Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6857-3903
Steven Yates *Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5904-0072
Stijn VanderzandePlant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Cecilia Hong DengMount Albert Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2954-762X
Francesca ZuffaMolecular Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
Yutang ChenMolecular Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8128-8728
Graham DowCrop Science and Production Systems, NIAB, Cambridge, UK.
Bruno StuderMolecular Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
Giovanni Antonio Lodovico BrogginiMolecular Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland. giovanni.broggini@usys.ethz.ch.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is a major fruit crop with a rich genetic history shaped by whole-genome duplication, domestication, and selective breeding. Discovering apple genetic diversity through genome sequencing provides new opportunities to improve disease resistance, environmental adaptation, and fruit quality. Here, we present 19 haplotype-resolved genome assemblies of apple, sequenced using PacBio HiFi reads with approximately 30 × coverage. Each haplome assembly has a mean length of 675.3 Mb and contains on average 47,445 annotated protein-coding genes. These haplome assemblies have a high completeness, with mean complete BUSCO scores of 98.8%. We identified 578 previously uncharacterized orthogroups shared across all 38 haplomes, indicating that these assemblies capture novel genetic diversity. Many of the assemblies are also highly contiguous, with on average three to four phase switches per chromosome. These data will accelerate genome-wide association studies, helping researchers to find and use genetic diversity for the improvement of key traits. Additionally, these data can offer insights into evolutionary history, domestication, and genetic diversity, supporting apple breeding and the broader Rosaceae research community.

Indexed as

Chromosomes, PlantGenome, PlantHaplotypesMalusGenetic Variation

Identifiers

PMID41580411
PMCPMC12917252

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.