Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41578829›Full record

ArticleThe Eurasian journal of medicine2025

Does Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome Affect the Cognitive Flexibility of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder?

İbrahim Adak, Esin Özdeniz Varan, Özalp Ekinci, Ayşim Alpman, Zeynep Durmuş, Nergis Eyüpoğlu, Oğuz Bilal Karakuş, İpek Süzer Gamlı

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Article in The Eurasian journal of medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

İbrahim AdakDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erenköy Mental and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Esin Özdeniz VaranDepartment of Clinical Psychology, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Özalp EkinciDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erenköy Mental and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Ayşim AlpmanDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erenköy Mental and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Zeynep DurmuşDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erenköy Mental and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Nergis EyüpoğluDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erenköy Mental and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Oğuz Bilal KarakuşDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erenköy Mental and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye.
İpek Süzer GamlıDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erenköy Mental and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCognitive flexibility (CF) is an ability to adapt to a changing environment, which is a prominent skill in children at school age. ADHD is a common disorder of childhood and can be accompanied by cognitivedisengagement syndrome (CDS, previously referred to as "sluggish cognitive tempo"). This study aimed to assess CDS's effect on CF in children with ADHD by using neuropsychological tests.

methodsThe study sample consisted of 100 ADHD children aged between 6 and 12 years, including 2groups: 60 ADHD-only and 40 CDS+ADHD. ADHD diagnosis and CDS symptoms in participants wereassessed by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder Fifth Edition Text Revision (DSM-5-TR)based psychiatric interviews and rating scales. The Neuropsychological Battery, consisting of 4 different tests,Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Stroop Color-Word Test, Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), and Color TrailTest, was applied to participants to compare CF of the ADHD-only group to CDS+ADHD.

resultsIt was found that the CDS+ADHD group showed lower performance than the ADHD-only groupin the WCST and the Semantic Fluency Test-a subtest of the VFT. However, no significant performancedifferences were found between the groups in other tests.

conclusionIt was revealed that CDS co-occurrence causes lower CF performance in ADHD-diagnosedchildren. A more comprehensive approach is required to understand the nature of this difficulty. Cite this article as: Adak İ, Varan E., Ekinci ., et al. Does cognitive disengagement syndrome affectthe cognitive flexibility of children with ADHD?Eurasian J Med. 2025, 57(4), 1160, doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2025.251160.

Identifiers

PMID41578829
PMCPMC12771008

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.