Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41578034›Full record

ReviewAAPS PharmSciTech2026

High Shear Wet Granulation Process Common Deficiencies Observed in Recently Submitted New and Abbreviated Drug Applications.

Lixia Cai, Haitao Li, Hang Guo, Steve Y Rhieu, Zhouxi Wang, Feiyan Jin, Qiang Han

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lixia CaiOffice of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Assessment, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, CDER, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA. lixia.cai@fda.hhs.gov.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-3828-3491
Haitao LiOffice of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Assessment, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, CDER, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-0477-2670
Hang GuoOffice of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Assessment, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, CDER, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-1145-6419
Steve Y RhieuOffice of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Assessment, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, CDER, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-2619-2112
Zhouxi WangOffice of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Assessment, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, CDER, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-5196-2309
Feiyan JinOffice of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Assessment, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, CDER, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-5301-1836
Qiang HanOffice of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Assessment, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, CDER, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-1386-8166

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High shear wet granulation (HSWG) is a conventional and widely used pharmaceutical drug product manufacturing process. Proper process control of the HSWG is crucial for ensuring the quality of granulation and, consequently, the final drug product. To demonstrate the adequacy of a proposed HSWG commercial process, the control of critical process parameters should be well established based on sufficient development data and scientific rationale. At the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), during the Chemistry, Manufacturing and Controls (CMC) assessment of original drug applications, deficiencies related to manufacturing process controls have been often found to be one of the causes of extended application review time or cycle numbers. In this paper, we have analyzed deficiencies from the manufacturing assessment of applications from 2017 to 2022 in which HSWG was used to produce oral solid dosage form drug products. The results revealed that the most frequently occurring deficiencies in the control of the HSWG process are related to lack of controls for granulation end point, granulation fluid level, granulation fluid addition rate, wet massing time, and process scale up strategy. This paper discusses the impact of these deficiencies on HSWG and final drug product quality along with recommendations for improvement of process controls.

Indexed as

Drug CompoundingTechnology, PharmaceuticalBulk DrugsChemistry, PharmaceuticalExcipientsPharmaceutical PreparationsQuality ControlUnited StatesUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationBulk DrugsExcipientsPharmaceutical PreparationsCMC manufacturing reviewhigh shear wet granulationprocess controlprocess deficiencyproduct quality

Identifiers

PMID41578034

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.