Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41577889›Full record

ArticleInfection2026

Tularemia following a squirrel bite in Southern Germany: a case report.

Camilla Hahn, Elias Walter, Daniela Jacob, Eva-Maria Neurohr, Sabine Bélard

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In one paragraph

Article in Infection, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Camilla HahnInstitute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074, Tübingen, Germany. Camilla.hahn@med.uni-tuebingen.de.
Elias WalterInstitute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Daniela JacobNational Reference Laboratory for Francisella tularensis, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms (ZBS 2), Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Eva-Maria NeurohrInstitute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
Sabine BélardInstitute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTularemia is a zoonotic infection caused by Francisella tularensis. Human cases in Germany are emerging and are usually associated with hare or tick exposure. Transmission via squirrel bites has only been reported once before in Germany. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a 23-year-old woman who developed tularemia 11 days after being bitten by an injured red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) in southern Germany. Initial symptoms included headache, chills and fatigue, followed by painful right axillary lymphadenopathy without fever. Empirical ciprofloxacin (500 mg twice daily) was initiated on day 10 post-bite. Francisella tularensis serology was negative at presentation but seroconversion was documented 19 days later, confirming the diagnosis. The patient recovered fully after a 10-day course of ciprofloxacin.

conclusionsThis case underscores the need to consider tularemia after rodent bites in endemic areas, including squirrel bites, and highlights the favourable clinical course following early fluoroquinolone therapy.

Indexed as

Bites and StingsFrancisella tularensisSciuridaeTularemiaAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsCiprofloxacinFemaleGermanyHumansYoung AdultZoonosesAnti-Bacterial AgentsCiprofloxacinEmerging zoonotic infectionsEndemic regionsSquirrel biteTularemiaWildlife exposure

Identifiers

PMID41577889
PMCPMC13323602

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.