ArticleAlimentary pharmacology & therapeutics2026
The Alpha-1 Pi*MZ Genotype Is an Independent Risk Factor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development in Patients With ACLD.
Article in Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsHomozygosity for the SERPINA1 Pi*Z deficiency allele is the culprit of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency-related liver disease, while harbouring a single Z-allele (e.g., the common Pi*MZ genotype) is the strongest genetic risk factor for advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) and its progression. However, the impact of the Pi*MZ genotype on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients who have already progressed to ACLD has yet to be established. Thus, we investigated the impact of the Pi*MZ genotype on the development of HCC among longitudinally followed ACLD patients.
methodsPatients undergoing hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement and genotyping at the Vienna Hepatic Haemodynamic Lab were included, excluding those with HCC. Competing risk analyses with HCC as the outcome of interest and death/liver transplantation as competing events were performed.
resultsWe included 815 patients (mean age: 54 ± 11 years; viral hepatitis: 53%, alcohol-related liver disease: 37% and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: 10%). Overall, 30 patients (4%) harboured the Pi*MZ genotype. During a median follow-up of 47.3 months, 68 patients developed an HCC (8/30 with Pi*MZ). The Pi*MZ genotype was associated with increased risks of HCC development in univariable as well as in multivariable analyses, accounting for other important factors (i.e., age, sex, removal of the primary aetiological factor, aspartate-aminotransferase, albumin and HVPG) identified in our study (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio [aSHR]: 3.31 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26-8.65]; p = 0.015). The impact of the Pi*MZ genotype was confirmed adjusting for the aMAP score (aSHR: 2.94 [95% CI: 1.45-5.97]; p = 0.003).
conclusionThe SERPINA1 Pi*MZ genotype is associated with an increased risk of HCC development in patients with ACLD, independently of other HCC risk factors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.