Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41577607›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of anaesthesia2026

Nonfatal self-injury in the first year after surgery: a population-based epidemiologic study.

Calvin Diep, Julian F Daza, Sandra Lee, Christopher Witiw, Simone Vigod, Duminda N Wijeysundera, Karim S Ladha

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Article in British journal of anaesthesia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Calvin DiepDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: calvin.diep@mail.utoronto.ca.
Julian F DazaDivision of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Sandra LeeTemerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Christopher WitiwDivision of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Simone VigodInstitute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Duminda N WijeysunderaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Karim S LadhaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRecovery after surgery can be psychologically distressing, putting patients at risk of suicidal behaviours such as nonfatal self-injury (NFSI). We evaluated the incidence and identified factors associated with NFSI after surgery.

methodsLinked administrative databases from New York state were used to identify adults (≥18 yr) undergoing a broad range of surgical procedures between 2016 and 2018. The primary outcome was presentation to an emergency department or hospitalisation for NFSI within 365 days of discharge from the index surgical admission. The incidence was compared with two comparator groups using doubly robust estimation: percutaneous coronary interventions and cataract procedures. Patient- and surgery-related factors associated with NFSI after surgery were determined using Cox models.

resultsAmong 1 165 881 patients, 824 presented with NFSI within the year after surgery (incidence 7.07 per 10 000 patients). This was higher than the incidence in the percutaneous coronary interventions group (4.88 per 10 000; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-2.27) and the cataract group (1.52 per 10 000; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-2.09). Risk factors for NFSI were younger age, White race, lower income, rural residence, previous psychiatric history, and nonelective surgery.

conclusionsSelect patient groups were more susceptible to NFSI after surgery. The true burden of suicidal behaviours and severe psychological distress after surgery is likely underestimated by analyses of administrative data. Future studies should investigate psychological distress after surgery using validated instruments.

Indexed as

Postoperative ComplicationsSelf-Injurious BehaviorAdultAgedFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedNew YorkRisk Factorsnonfatal self-injuryperioperative outcomespostoperative outcomespsychological distresssurgery

Identifiers

PMID41577607
PMCPMC13197899

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.