Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41574232›Full record

ArticleProceedings of machine learning research2025

Confounder-Free Continual Learning via Recursive Feature Normalization.

Yash Shah, Camila Gonzalez, Mohammad H Abbasi, Qingyu Zhao, Kilian M Pohl, Ehsan Adeli

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of machine learning research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yash ShahStanford University, Stanford, United States.
Camila GonzalezStanford University, Stanford, United States.
Mohammad H AbbasiStanford University, Stanford, United States.
Qingyu ZhaoWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States.
Kilian M PohlStanford University, Stanford, United States.
Ehsan AdeliStanford University, Stanford, United States.

Funding

DATA COORDINATING CENTER TO PROVIDE SERVICES TO WORK COLLABORATIVELY WITH THE NATIONAL NEUROHIV TISSUE CONSORTIUM CLINICAL SITES TO PROVIDE MANAGEMENT AND DATABASE CAPABILITIES, SCIENTIFIC EXPERTISE, 75N95023C00013 · NIDA · THE EMMES COMPANY, LLC · PI SHERMAN, SETH · 2023 to 2025
$11.2M
Neural mechanisms of gait disturbances as individualized digital biomarker trajectories in preclinical dementiaR01AG089169 · NIA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Ehsan Adeli · 2024 to 2026
$4.5M
Interpretable Deep Forecasting of Hazardous Substance Use during High SchoolR01DA057567 · NIDA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Kilian Maria Pohl, Susan F. Tapert · 2022 to 2026
$2.3M
A facial expression-based personalization engine (FPE) for monitoring and modulating real-time effective engagement in cognitive training in older adults at risk for AD/ADRDR61AG084471 · NIA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI ADELI, EHSAN, LIN, FENG VANKEE · 2023 to 2024
$702k
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG089169NIA NIH HHS R61 AG084471NIDA NIH HHS 75N95023C00013NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA057567
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Confounders are extraneous variables that affect both the input and the target, resulting in spurious correlations and biased predictions. There are recent advances in dealing with or removing confounders in traditional models, such as metadata normalization (MDN), where the distribution of the learned features is adjusted based on the study confounders. However, in the context of continual learning, where a model learns continuously from new data over time without forgetting, learning feature representations that are invariant to confounders remains a significant challenge. To remove their influence from intermediate feature representations, we introduce the Recursive MDN (R-MDN) layer, which can be integrated into any deep learning architecture, including vision transformers, and at any model stage. R-MDN performs statistical regression via the recursive least squares algorithm to maintain and continually update an internal model

Identifiers

PMID41574232
PMCPMC12823023

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.