ArticleAddictive behaviors reports2026
E-liquid flavor alters nicotine exposure, puff topography, and subjective effects under
Article in Addictive behaviors reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Sweet Flavors and the Addictive Potential of E-Cigarettes: A Systematic Narrative Review.European addiction research · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are most often used with e-liquids having fruit, and menthol or mint flavor, with tobacco flavor being least prevalent. This study evaluated the effect of a tobacco, fruit, and menthol e-liquid flavor on ENDS abuse liability. Methods: Fifty-two regular ENDS users participated in a double-blinded, randomized, crossover-design study. Study conditions were ENDS (KangerTech CUPTI) with tobacco, menthol, or fruit flavor e-liquids with 1.2 % (all flavors) or 0 % (fruit only) freebase nicotine concentration. On separate days participants used the study products for 10 prescribed puffs and 1 h of Results: Following Conclusions: Tobacco flavor ENDS were rated lower on liking, and associated with less nicotine exposure and fewer puffs taken, but comparably attenuated withdrawal symptoms to other flavor ENDS, while the non-nicotine fruit flavor did not affect withdrawal symptoms.
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Registered trials
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