Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41572438›Full record

ArticleActa neuropsychiatrica2026

Functional shotgun metagenomic insights into gut microbial pathway and enzyme disruptions linking metabolism, affect, cognition, and suicidal ideation in major depressive disorder.

Michael Maes, Abbas F Almulla, Asara Vasupanrajit, Ketsupar Jirakran, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Annabel Maes, Prangwalai Chanchaem, Pavit Klomkliew, Sunchai Payungporn, Yingqian Zhang

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In one paragraph

Article in Acta neuropsychiatrica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Michael MaesInternational NIMETOX Center, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of Chinahttps://ror.org/04qr3zq92, Chengdu 610072, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2012-871X
Abbas F AlmullaInternational NIMETOX Center, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of Chinahttps://ror.org/04qr3zq92, Chengdu 610072, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7667-6731
Asara VasupanrajitDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
Ketsupar JirakranDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
Chavit TunvirachaisakulDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
Annabel MaesInternational NIMETOX Center, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of Chinahttps://ror.org/04qr3zq92, Chengdu 610072, China.
Prangwalai ChanchaemCenter of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1914-1818
Pavit KlomkliewCenter of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Sunchai PayungpornCenter of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Yingqian ZhangInternational NIMETOX Center, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of Chinahttps://ror.org/04qr3zq92, Chengdu 610072, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMajor depression (MDD) is linked to neuro-immune, metabolic, and oxidative stress (NIMETOX) pathways. The gut microbiome may contribute to these pathways via leaky gut and immune–metabolic processes.

aimsTo identify gut microbial alterations in MDD and to quantify functional pathways and enzyme gene families and integrate these with the clinical phenome and immune–metabolic biomarkers of MDD.

methodsShotgun metagenomics with taxonomic profiling was performed in MDD versus controls using MetaPhlAn v4.0.6, and functional profiling was conducted using HUMAnN v3.9, aligning microbial reads to species-specific pangenomes (Bowtie2 v2.5.4) followed by alignment to the UniRef90 v201901 protein database (DIAMOND v2.1.9).

resultsGut microbiome diversity, both species richness and evenness, is quite similar between MDD and controls. The top enriched taxa in the multivariate discriminant profile of MDD reflect gut dysbiosis associated with leaky gut and NIMETOX mechanisms, that is,

conclusionThe gut microbiome changes might contribute to activated peripheral NIMETOX pathways in MDD.

Indexed as

CognitionGastrointestinal MicrobiomeMajor Depressive DisorderAdultDysbiosisFemaleHumansMaleMetagenomicsMiddle AgedOxidative StressDepressiongut microbiomeinflammationlipid metabolismoxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID41572438
PMCPMC13130273

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.