ArticleBMC plant biology2026
Differential regulation of rice seedling morphogenesis, carbon metabolism, and energy charge by Pro-Ca and GA₃ under salt stress.
Article in BMC plant biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThis study explored the pivotal role of exogenous plant growth regulators in enhancing salt tolerance in rice. The underlying regulatory mechanisms of gibberellin (GA₃) and prohexadione-calcium (Pro-Ca) under NaCl stress remain unclear. The salt tolerant variety Guanghong 3 (GH3) and the salt-sensitive variety FL478 were used as experimental materials to examine the effects of NaCl (80 mM) stress. This study explored the mitigating effects of foliar application of gibberellin (GA₃) and prohexadione calcium (Pro-Ca) on plant growth, carbon metabolism, and cellular energy metabolism in rice seedlings under NaCl stress.
resultsFoliar application of GA₃ and Pro-Ca significantly restored rice morphogenesis under NaCl stress. Pro-Ca application significantly enhanced root development in GH3 and FL478 by 15.67% and 8.65%, respectively. GA₃ primarily promoted shoot growth, increasing plant height by 10.04% in GH3 and 12.32% in FL478. Regarding energy metabolism, Pro-Ca increased root ATP content by 23.11% and energy charge by 5.78% in GH3, while in FL478, it elevated root ATP by 7.03%. In contrast, GA₃ raised leaf ATP content by 7.19% in GH3. Regarding carbon metabolism, Pro-Ca effectively enhanced sucrose content by 25.99% and sucrose phosphate synthase activity by 35.67% in FL478. GA₃ showed significantly improved photosynthetic rate by 56.08% and photochemical efficiency by 26.25% in GH3.
conclusionsThe results demonstrated that Pro-Ca and GA₃enhanced salt tolerance in rice by differentially regulating energy metabolism and carbon metabolism. FL478 exhibited a stronger response to Pro-Ca’s optimization of root energy metabolism, whereas GH3 showed greater sensitivity to GA₃’s maintenance of shoot energy status. These findings provide a theoretical basis for using exogenous regulators like Pro-Ca and GA₃ to enhance rice productivity in saline-alkali soils.
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