Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41572056›Full record

ArticlePharmacological reports : PR2026

Exploring the anti-inflammatory activity of sulforaphane metabolites.

Barbara Pagliarani, Letizia Pruccoli, Chiara Chemello, Morena Zusso, José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira, Andrea Tarozzi, Henrique Mautone Gomes

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Article in Pharmacological reports : PR, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Glucosinolate Derivatives: Emerging Anti-Inflammatory Agents.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Barbara PagliaraniDepartment for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 237 47921, Corso d'Augusto, Italy.
Letizia PruccoliDepartment for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 237 47921, Corso d'Augusto, Italy.
Chiara ChemelloDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Morena ZussoDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
José Cláudio Fonseca MoreiraCentre of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Andrea TarozziDepartment for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 237 47921, Corso d'Augusto, Italy. andrea.tarozzi@unibo.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7983-8575
Henrique Mautone GomesCentre of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIsothiocyanate sulforaphane (SFN), found in cruciferous vegetables, is known for its anti-inflammatory properties in vitro, in vivo, and in humans. After intestinal absorption, SFN forms metabolites such as SFN-glutathione, SFN-cysteine, and SFN-N-acetylcysteine in plasma and tissues, which may contribute to its anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to compare the anti-inflammatory profiles of these metabolites with that of SFN, focusing on proinflammatory pathways such as TLR4/NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome.

methodsThe study utilized human TLR4 Reporter HEK293 cells and human THP-1 macrophages to investigate the pro-inflammatory effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). TLR4 activation was assessed in the HEK293 cells, while the activation of NF-κB p65, NLRP3, and Keap1/Nrf2, as well as the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, were evaluated in THP-1 macrophages through western blotting, RT-PCR, and ELISA techniques.

resultsSFN and its metabolites decreased the activation of TLR4, NLRP3 inflammasome, and nuclear NF-κB p65. Further, they reduced the expression and release of the cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α. While all compounds disrupted the Keap1/Nrf2 complex and released individual proteins, only SFN promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, suggesting a different crosstalk with the NF-κB pathway.

conclusionsSFN metabolites, including SFN-glutathione, SFN-cysteine, and SFN-N-acetylcysteine, have demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects mainly through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, which involves the NLRP3 inflammasome. This data indicates their direct contribution to the overall anti-inflammatory effects of SFN.

Indexed as

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsIsothiocyanatesSulfoxidesAcetylcysteineGlutathioneHEK293 CellsHumansInflammasomesInflammationInterleukin-1betaKelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1LipopolysaccharidesMacrophagesNF-E2-Related Factor 2NF-kappa BNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinAcetylcysteineAnti-Inflammatory AgentsGlutathioneInflammasomesInterleukin-1betaIsothiocyanatesKelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1LipopolysaccharidesNFE2L2 protein, humanNF-E2-Related Factor 2NF-kappa BNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinNLRP3 protein, humansulforaphaneSulfoxidesTLR4 protein, humanToll-Like Receptor 4Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaAnti-inflammatory activityMetabolitesSulforaphaneSulforaphane-cysteineSulforaphane-glutathioneSulforaphane-N-acetylcysteine

Identifiers

PMID41572056

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.