ArticleActa parasitologica2026
Unraveling the Genetic Diversity of Lernaea Parasites Infecting Carp Through 18 S rRNA Gene Analysis.
Article in Acta parasitologica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLernaea spp., commonly referred to as anchor worms, are widespread ectoparasitic copepods known for their broad host range and high morphological variability, which complicates accurate taxonomic identification. PURPOSE: The hypothesis of this study was to accurately identified lernaea and differentiate at the species level using 18S rRNA gene sequencing, thereby overcoming the limitations and ambiguities of conventional morphological identification.
methodsIn this study, approximately 200 Lernaea specimens were collected from infected carps at fish farms in the Kasur district of Pakistan. Parasites were detached from hosts using potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) treatment and preserved in 70% ethanol for both morphological and molecular analyses. Initial morphological assessment was conducted under a stereomicroscope, focusing on key diagnostic features such as the structure of the anchor-shaped holdfast. For molecular characterization, genomic DNA was extracted using the Thermo Scientific GeneJET Genomic DNA Purification Kit. DNA quality and concentration were evaluated with a NanoDrop spectrophotometer. The partial 18S rRNA gene was amplified via polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the products were visualized through agarose gel electrophoresis before sequencing. Sequence data were edited using BioEdit v7.0 and subjected to BLAST analysis against the NCBI GenBank database.
resultsPhylogenetic relationships were inferred using the neighbor-joining method, revealing the presence of three Lernaea species: L. cyprinacea, L. polymorpha, and L. ctenopharyngodonis.
conclusionThe findings underscore the effectiveness of molecular tools particularly 18S rRNA gene analysis in resolving morphological ambiguities and provide novel sequence data that helps to explain Lernaea diversity in Pakistan.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41571960What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.