ArticlePloS one2026
Feature recess-time sports activities as a school-based intervention to improve fitness in rural Chinese youth.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundChina's national school health policies face persistent implementation gaps, particularly in rural high schools prioritizing Gaokao. National surveys (2010-2019) documented alarming fitness declines: 50-m sprint speeds decreased (+0.3s boys; + 0.4s girls), pull-ups/sit-ups fell 29%/20%, and standing jumps shortened 6-7 cm.
methodsA 16-week cluster quasi-experiment assigned intact rural high school classes (N = 98; age = 16.35 ± 0.48years) to: • Experimental (n = 50): Feature Recess-Time Sports Activities (FRTSA; 5x30-min/week). • Control (n = 48): Standard supervised running. Blinded assessors conducted the National Student Physical Health Standard tests.
resultsFRTSA elicited significant improvements versus control: • Speed: 50-m sprint (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.18, d = 0.75). • Explosive Power: Standing jump (p = 0.022, η2 = 0.05, d = 0.41). • Flexibility: Sit-and-reach (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.12, d = 0.60). • Strength: Male pull-ups (p = 0.030, d = 0.41); female sit-ups (p = 0.029, d = 0.45). No endurance benefits emerged (1000m/800m: all p > 0.05, d ≤ 0.18).
conclusionFRTSA is effective in enhancing speed, explosive power, flexibility, and strength, supporting policy integration of structured activity programs in rural schools.
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