Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41569878›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

Durable Thin-Film Porous Transport Electrodes for High Current Density PEM Water Electrolysis.

James L Young, Diana E Beltrán, Sarah J Blair, Ricardo P M Duarte, Makenzie R Parimuha, Haoran Yu, Lonneke van Eijk, Kimberly S Reeves, Tomas Grejtak, Jorge Martinez and 9 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

James L YoungNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7291-0079
Diana E BeltránNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3137-1691
Sarah J BlairNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
Ricardo P M DuarteNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
Makenzie R ParimuhaNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
Haoran YuOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
Lonneke van EijkColorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
Kimberly S ReevesOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
Tomas GrejtakOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
Jorge MartinezNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
Bennett A ChaoNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
Jacob WrubelNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
Melissa E KreiderNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
Elisa M MillerNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
Julia D LenefNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
Karen N HeinselmanNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
Svitlana PylypenkoColorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
David A CullenOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
Guido BenderNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.

Funding

Colorado School of Mines was supported by the National Science Foundation DMR-1828454Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office DE-AC36-08GO28308
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers rely on relatively expensive Ir-based catalysts for efficient and durable hydrogen production. To reduce system costs, Ir loadings can be reduced if performance and durability are maintained. Sputter deposition is a readily scalable method to synthesize uniform, low-loading catalyst layers with controlled composition. A catalyst applied directly to the porous transport layer can have advantages for performance, manufacturing simplicity, and catalyst recovery. Suitable porous transport layer porosity can minimize activity losses when reducing loadings. Here, methods are presented to deposit metallic Ir as well as amorphous and rutile Ir oxides. The activity and durability of these materials in the porous transport electrode architecture is evaluated. The metallic and amorphous forms have better initial activity, however, operation at 3 A cm

Indexed as

electrolysisiridium oxideoxygen evolutionporous transport electroderutilesputter deposition

Identifiers

PMID41569878
PMCPMC12948233

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.