Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41569853›Full record

ArticleCell reports2026

Immune gene diversity and STING1 variants in shaping cancer immunity across different genetic ancestry populations.

Xiaowen Hu, Jie Huang, Jiao Yuan, Yanrong Sun, Yuxin Wang, Zhongyi Hu, Junjie Jiang, Zhiling Wang, Bingwei Wang, Meixiao Long and 11 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Natural Selection of the CommonbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Xiaowen HuCenter for Women's Health and Reproductive Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: xiaowenh@upenn.edu.
Jie HuangCenter for Women's Health and Reproductive Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Jiao YuanCenter for Women's Health and Reproductive Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Yanrong SunCenter for Women's Health and Reproductive Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Yuxin WangCenter for Women's Health and Reproductive Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Zhongyi HuCenter for Women's Health and Reproductive Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Junjie JiangCenter for Women's Health and Reproductive Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Zhiling WangCenter for Women's Health and Reproductive Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Bingwei WangCenter for Women's Health and Reproductive Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Meixiao LongDivision of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Kara N MaxwellDivision of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Yi FanAbramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Janos L TanyiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Kathleen T MontoneDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Hongzhe LiAbramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Sarah H KimDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Katherine L NathansonAbramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Basser Center for BRCA, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Timothy R RebbeckDana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Susan M DomchekDivision of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Basser Center for BRCA, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Robert H VonderheideAbramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: rhv@upenn.edu.
Lin ZhangCenter for Women's Health and Reproductive Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: linzhang@upenn.edu.

Funding

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA CAN CTR SUPPORT GRANTP30CA016520 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Robert H. Vonderheide · 1985 to 2026
$222.3M
Radiation and checkpoint blockade for cancer immune therapyP01CA210944 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI MAITY, AMIT, MINN, ANDY J · 2017 to 2022
$11.5M
Molecular Determinants and Therapeutic Consequences of Immune Heterogeneity in CancerR01CA229803 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI STANGER, BEN Z · 2018 to 2022
$3.7M
Protein arginine methyltransferase inhibitors in treatment of high-grade serous ovarian cancer and triple-negative breast cancerR01CA285598 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Lin Zhang · 2024 to 2026
$2.7M
Targeting CDK7 in high-grade serous ovarian carcinomaR01CA262070 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI ZHANG, LIN · 2021 to 2025
$2.2M
KAT6A as a novel druggable target for cancer treatment: mechanisms and therapeutic implications in KAT6A-dependent tumorsR01CA288850 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Lin Zhang · 2025 to 2026
$1.1M
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA210944NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016520NCI NIH HHS R01 CA229803NCI NIH HHS R01 CA262070NCI NIH HHS R01 CA285598NCI NIH HHS R01 CA288850
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As human populations migrated to diverse geographical regions, they encountered varying pathogens, leading to pronounced natural selection pressures on the immune system. Analysis of non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) across major geographically structured populations showed greater variation in immune-related genes than in non-immune genes, consistent with pathogen-driven selection, whereas cancer-related genes exhibited lower variation, reflecting the evolutionary conservation of critical cellular functions. We prioritized nsSNPs in pattern recognition receptor genes based on population diversity and their association with type I interferon (IFN) activity. Among the top-ranked variants were rs11554776, rs78233829, and rs7380824 in STING1, which demonstrated functional impacts on intrinsic cGAS-STING1-IFN signaling in cancer cells and potential influences on tumor immunity. We further conducted a genome-wide characterization of nsSNPs in immune-related genes across genetic ancestry populations and established a publicly accessible database. Our study suggests that genetic ancestry-related germline variations may influence cancer immunity and treatment, supporting their consideration in personalized medicine.

Indexed as

Membrane ProteinsNeoplasmsPolymorphism, Single NucleotidecGAS-STING Signaling PathwayGenetic VariationHumansSTING ProteinMembrane ProteinsSTING1 protein, humanSTING Proteincancer geneticscancer genomicscancer immunologyCP: cancerCP: genomics

Identifiers

PMID41569853
PMCPMC13019158

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.