Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41569594›Full record

ArticleStatistics in medicine2026

A Fully-Integrated Bayesian Approach for the Imputation and Analysis of Derived Outcome Variables With Missingness.

Harlan Campbell, Tim P Morris, Paul Gustafson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Statistics in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Harlan CampbellDepartment of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-1594
Tim P MorrisMRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5850-3610
Paul GustafsonDepartment of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2375-5006

Funding

MRC grant MC_UU_00004/07NSERC Discovery Grant RGPIN-2019-03957
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Derived variables are variables that are constructed from one or more source variables through established mathematical operations or algorithms. For example, body mass index (BMI) is a derived variable constructed from two source variables: weight and height. When using a derived variable as the outcome in a statistical model, complications arise when some of the source variables have missing values. In this paper, we propose how one can define a single fully integrated Bayesian model to simultaneously impute missing values and sample from the posterior. We compare our proposed method with alternative approaches that rely on multiple imputation (MI), with examples including an analysis to estimate the risk of microcephaly (a derived variable based on sex, gestational age, and head circumference at birth) in newborns exposed to the ZIKA virus.

Indexed as

Models, StatisticalAlgorithmsBayes TheoremBody Mass IndexComputer SimulationData Interpretation, StatisticalFemaleGestational AgeHumansInfant, NewbornMaleMicrocephalyPregnancyZika Virus InfectionBayesian inferencemissingnessmultiple imputation

Identifiers

PMID41569594
PMCPMC12826355

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.