Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41566531›Full record

ArticlePorcine health management2026

Epidemiological analysis, risk factors, and spatial-temporal clustering of classical swine fever virus in China.

Wenchao Gao, Qingyuan Liu, Jiansheng Zhou, Xiaoxue Jiang, Qing Wang, Yuntong Shi, Xiaomin Liu, Xia Liu, Lili Wu, Qin Zhao and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Porcine health management, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Wenchao Gao *College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
Qingyuan Liu *Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Pig and Poultry Healthy Breeding and Disease Diagnosis Technology, Xiajin New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Dezhou, Shandong, 253200, China.
Jiansheng Zhou *Shandong Animal Health Technology Center, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
Xiaoxue JiangShandong Engineering Laboratory of Pig and Poultry Healthy Breeding and Disease Diagnosis Technology, Xiajin New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Dezhou, Shandong, 253200, China.
Qing WangShandong Engineering Laboratory of Pig and Poultry Healthy Breeding and Disease Diagnosis Technology, Xiajin New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Dezhou, Shandong, 253200, China.
Yuntong ShiShandong Engineering Laboratory of Pig and Poultry Healthy Breeding and Disease Diagnosis Technology, Xiajin New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Dezhou, Shandong, 253200, China.
Xiaomin LiuShandong Animal Health Technology Center, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
Xia LiuShandong Animal Health Technology Center, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
Lili WuShandong Engineering Laboratory of Pig and Poultry Healthy Breeding and Disease Diagnosis Technology, Xiajin New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Dezhou, Shandong, 253200, China.
Qin ZhaoDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi, 712100, China. qinzhao_2004@nwsuaf.edu.cn.
Xiaowen LiCollege of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China. lxw8272@163.com.

Funding

Central-guided Funding for Local Technological Development YDZX2023069China Agriculture Research System CARS-35Taishan Industry Leadership Talent Project of Shandong Province in China tscx202306093
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundClassical Swine Fever (CSF), or swine cholera, is a highly acute, febrile, and contagious disease caused by the Classical Swine Fever virus (CSFV) in pigs.

resultsA total of 205,622 samples were collected from 689 pig farms defined as individual production units nationwide across 20 Chinese provinces/cities from January to December 2022. The results showed that at the sample level, the prevalence of CSFV was 0.25% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22% − 0.27%). At the pig farm level, the prevalence of CSFV was 5.08% (95% CI: 3.44% − 6.72%). The risk factors for CSFV infection in pig farms included geographic distribution, quarter, and herd category variables. Eight different temporal groups with a high prevalence of CSFV were also found in China, with the highest prevalence occurring from August to September 2022. Tissue samples and oropharyngeal/nasal swabs showed superior detection rates (1.00% and 0.34%, respectively) and are thus recommended for CSFV surveillance.

conclusionsIn conclusion, this data complements the existing studies on the Chinese CSFV positive rate, risk factors, and temporal clustering. Our findings identify high-risk periods (August – September 2022) and regions (Northwest China), providing targeted strategies for CSFV control.

Indexed as

ChinaClassical swine fever virusEpidemiological investigationPathogen prevalenceRisk factorsSpatiotemporal clustering

Identifiers

PMID41566531
PMCPMC12905922

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.