Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41566384›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of medical research2026

Genetic variants associated with glycemic and weight loss response to vildagliptin as add-on therapy to metformin in Egyptian obese type 2 diabetic patients: potential consequences on cardiac risk factors.

Khalid Saber, Raed Ismail, Atef Bassyouni, Mohamed El-Shafee, Memy H Hassan

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Article in European journal of medical research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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5 authors.

Khalid SaberDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11751, Egypt.
Raed IsmailDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11751, Egypt.
Atef BassyouniNational Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Cairo, Egypt.
Mohamed El-ShafeeDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11751, Egypt.
Memy H HassanDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11751, Egypt. memymahmoud@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3957-2343

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aims to identify the genetic and clinical characteristics that affect the glycemic and weight loss responses to vildagliptin (Vilda) plus metformin (Met) among Egyptian obese type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients. Furthermore, these responses were linked to homocysteine (Hcy) level as another cardiovascular risk factor.

methodsOne hundred twenty-six obese newly diagnosed T2DM Egyptian patients (38.9% male and 61.1% female) fulfilling the inclusion criteria and signing the consent form were treated with Met plus Vilda for 12 months and genotyped for rs6741949 in the DPP4, rs6923761 in the GLP1R, and rs2285676 in the KATP (KCNJ11) genes. At 12 months post-treatment, the glycemic and weight loss-responses were defined as a reduction of the baseline HbA1c by more than 1% and a reduction of the baseline weight by more than 3% respectively.

resultsThe GG genotype of the DPP4, GLP1R, and KATP had the significant highest distribution and glycemic response to Vilda/Met than other genotypes [odds ratio (OR) = 3.55, 8.56 & 4.89; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13-9.51, 1.32-92.4 & 1.2-22.2; p = 0.033, 0.021 & 0.03, respectively]. However, the AA genotype of rs6923761 in the GLP1R had a significantly higher weight loss response than GA and GG genotypes (OR = 0.39 & 0.17; 95% CI 0.65-0.44 & 0.22-0.67, p = 0.84). Further analysis showed that lower baseline weight and BMI were associated with better glycemic and weight loss responses to Vilda/Met, while gender had no effect. Of note, glycemic and body weight loss responders show a higher reduction in Hcy level than non-responders.

conclusionsGlycemic control and body weight loss, and hence amelioration of Hcy level by Vilda as add-on therapy to Met in Egyptian T2DM obese patients are subjected to genetic variation in one or more of the DPP-4, GLP1R and KATP genes involved in Vilda's modes of action. The GG genotype for the three genes is associated with better glycemic response; however, the AA genotype of GLP1R is associated with better weight loss response. Gender has no effect; however, lower initialbody weight results in better glycemic and weight loss response.

Indexed as

Cardiac risk factorsDiabetes mellitusGenetic variationsMetforminVildagliptin

Identifiers

PMID41566384
PMCPMC12849620

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