Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41566324›Full record

Observational studyBMC pulmonary medicine2026

Clinical characteristics of high-altitude interstitial lung disease: a two-center, retrospective, observational study.

Liang Zhou, Min Zhu, Ling Chen, Yujun Wang, Linrui Xu, Jia Liu, Lei Chen, Yajun Tuo, Qucuo Meilang, Fengming Luo

Abstract readObservational StudyMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Liang Zhou *Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Min Zhu *Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Ling Chen *Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Yujun WangDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Linrui XuDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Jia LiuDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Lei ChenDepartment of High Altitude Medicine, Center for High Altitude Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Yajun TuoDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, 810007, China.
Qucuo MeilangDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Lhasa, Tibet, 850000, China.
Fengming LuoDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China. fengmingluo@outlook.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9267-3437

Funding

Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project 2025ZD05518013
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe impact of high altitude on patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains unclear. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of ILD patients in high-altitude regions.

methodsThis retrospective observational study included patients diagnosed with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) and Connective Tissue Disease-associated ILD (CTD-ILD) hospitalized at two hospitals in Qinghai and Tibet between April 2018 and September 2021. Patients were categorized into high-altitude (≥ 2500 m) and low-altitude (< 2500 m) groups. Demographic, clinical, hematological, and pulmonary function data were collected and analysed.

resultsA total of 119 patients were enrolled, with 56 in the high-altitude group and 63 in the low-altitude group. Compared with the low-altitude group, the high-altitude group had a significantly greater proportion of CTD-ILD patients (42.2% vs. 82.1%, p < 0.001). Patients in the high-altitude group presented higher red blood cell counts and hemoglobin and hematocrit levels but lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio (P/F ratio), FVC, and DLCO.

conclusionsThis study revealed a higher prevalence of CTD-ILD, an increased proportion of Tibetan ethnicity, differences in the P/F ratio, MCV, FVC, MCHC, and HGB levels in the high-altitude group.

Indexed as

AltitudeConnective Tissue DiseasesIdiopathic Pulmonary FibrosisLung Diseases, InterstitialAgedChinaFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRespiratory Function TestsRetrospective StudiesTibetConnective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseaseHigh altitudeIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosisInterstitial lung disease

Identifiers

PMID41566324
PMCPMC12905930

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.