Trial reportThe journal of headache and pain2026
Prospective open-label trial of personalised connectivity-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy for migraine.
Trial report in The journal of headache and pain, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMigraine is a leading cause of disability worldwide, affecting hundreds of millions of individuals. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) offers a non-invasive therapeutic option, yet long-term effects remain unclear. We investigated whether rTMS treatment effects could be extended by personalising stimulation targets based on connectivity between the pregenual cingulate cortex (PGC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)-a neural pathway implicated in migraine pathophysiology.
findingsTwenty-one patients completed all treatments and assessments. Clinical data were analysed using repeated-measures one-way ANOVAs (Baseline, Post, Follow-up), with comparisons being and Bonferroni correction (2-tailed). Personalised rTMS had a large effect on headache frequency (estimated difference, 4.42, p = 0.004, 95% CI, 1.30–7.54, Cohen’s d, 0.81) and intensity (estimated difference, 2.54, p < 0.001, 95% CI, 0.97–4.10, Cohen d = 0.92), at Follow-up. After treatment, 11/21 (52.38%) patients were classified as responders. The response rate was maintained at 52.38% at Follow-up. Changes in DLPFC-PGC connectivity were able to classify responders from non-responders (AUC, 0.80, p = 0.020, sensitivity, 72.70%, specificity, 80%).
conclusionsIn this study, personalised rTMS treatment demonstrated a large and long-term effect for migraineurs. These novel findings need to be directly compared with conventional group-average targeting strategies in future controlled trials.
trial registrationChinese Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR2400094055).
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