ReviewNature aging2026
The Population Neuroscience-Dementia Syndemics Framework to better understand global sex and gender-based risk in low- and middle-income countries.
Abstract readReview
In one paragraph
Review in Nature aging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- A world view: Considerations of sociocultural diversity in the study of subjective cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- The landscape of dementia in India: Prevalence, risk factors, and opportunities ahead.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Barriers and facilitators to recruitment, engagement, and retention of underrepresented populations in dementia prevention research: a scoping review.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2026Article
- Scientific knowledge about dementia: From the Global South to the world.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
34 authors.
C Elizabeth ShaabanDepartment of Health Promotion and Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Beth.Shaaban@pitt.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3016-1951
Vidyani SuryadevaraDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4081-2989
Ashley V HillDepartment of Community Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Sadaf Arefi MilaniDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6631-6532
Puja AgarwalRush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0274-6653
Neelum T AggarwalDepartment of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA.
Rufus O AkinyemiNeuroscience and Ageing Research Unit, Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Suvarna AlladiDepartment of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
Monique J BrownDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Jessica Z K CaldwellCleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Paulo CaramelliBehavioral and Cognitive Neurology Unit, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4786-6990
Lyndsey DuBoseDepartment of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Ratnavalli EllajosyulaAnnasawmy Mudaliar General Hospital, Bangalore, India.
Darlingtina K EsiakaCenter for Health Engagement and Transformation, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA.
Allison GibsonSchool of Social Work, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Patrick GriffithDepartment of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Joshua HarperDepartment of Technology and Applied Sciences, Universidad Comunera, Asunción, Paraguay.
Wambūi KaranjaBrain and Mind Institute, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya.
Wei LiDepartment of Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Jorge J Llibre-GuerraDepartment of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2137-7750
Samantha M LoiDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Michelle M MielkeDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7177-1185
Doris P Molina-HenryDepartment of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Adesola OgunniyiDepartment of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Shehroo PudumjeeCleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Shana D StitesDepartment of Psychiatry and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Erin SundermannDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Arlener D TurnerDepartment of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-7736
Clara Vila-CastelarDepartment of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Jayalakshmi ViswanathanIndependent researcher, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5338-3170
Jean-François Trani *School of Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Ganesh M Babulal *Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7966-3509
Diversity and Disparities Professional Interest Area’s Low- and Middle-Income Countries Work Group of the International Society to Advance Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment (ISTAART)
Diversity and Disparities Professional Interest Area’s Sex and Gender Special Interest Group of the International Society to Advance Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment (ISTAART)
Funding
Technology and Remote Assessment CoreU19AG063911 · NIA · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI KEJAL KANTARCI · 2019 to 2026
$120.9MVascular Moderators of the Impact of Alzheimer's Pathology in the Young-OldP01AG025204 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI HOWARD J AIZENSTEIN, Ann D. Cohen · 2005 to 2026
$56.5MRecruitment and Retention for Alzheimer's Disease Diversity Genetic Cohorts in the ADSP (READD-ADSP)U19AG074865 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI GOLDIE S. BYRD, William S Bush · 2022 to 2026
$55.3MResearch Education ComponentP30AG066468 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI C. Elizabeth Shaaban · 2020 to 2026
$29.4MUTMB OAIC Research Education Component (REC)P30AG024832 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL BR GALVESTON · PI JAMES S. GOODWIN, MD, MELISSA M. MORROW · 2005 to 2026
$26.7MRenewal of Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) (Phase 2) CNTN - ResubmissionP20GM109025 · NIGMS · CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION · PI Robert J. Fox, Jefferson Kinney · 2015 to 2026
$22.8MMIND DIET AND DEMENTIA PREVENTION IN ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTSR01AG062637 · NIA · RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI AGGARWAL, NEELUM T. · 2020 to 2025
$16.3MSex-Specific Effects of Endocrine Disruption on Aging and Alzheimer's DiseaseU54AG044170 · NIA · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI KAPOOR, EKTA · 2018 to 2022
$7.7MResearch Centers Collaborative Network RenewalU24AG058556 · NIA · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI KRITCHEVSKY, STEPHEN B., LEDERMAN, STEPHANIE · 2018 to 2025
$7.5MNaturalistic driving as a functional neurobehavioral marker of preclinical and symptomatic Alzheimer diseaseR01AG068183 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BABULAL, GANESH M · 2020 to 2024
$6.7MPreclinical Alzheimer Disease and DrivingR01AG056466 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BABULAL, GANESH M · 2017 to 2021
$5.9MThe Texas Resource Center on Minority Aging Research (RCMAR)P30AG059301 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI Kyriakos S Markides, Fernando Riosmena · 2018 to 2026
$5.2MAlzheimer's Association 23AARFD-1029261Alzheimer's Association AARF-17-528934Alzheimer's Association AARG-21-852512Alzheimer's Association GBHI ALZ UK-21- 24204Alzheimer's Association SG-22-968620-ARCHESBrightFocus Foundation (BrightFocus) A2021142SCleveland Clinic CCG0202NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG010273NHGRI NIH HHS U54 HG007479NIAMS NIH HHS K12 AR084226NIA NIH HHS F32 AG071273NIA NIH HHS K01 AG071849NIA NIH HHS K23 AG065442NIA NIH HHS P01 AG025204NIA NIH HHS P20 AG068053NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066468NIA NIH HHS R00 AG073452NIA NIH HHS R01 AG056466NIA NIH HHS R01 AG062637NIA NIH HHS R01 AG067428NIA NIH HHS R01 AG068183NIA NIH HHS R01 AG072646NIA NIH HHS R01 AG074302NIA NIH HHS R01 AG074392NIA NIH HHS R01 AG080469NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG055151NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG079397NIA NIH HHS U01 AG097746NIA NIH HHS U19 AG063911NIA NIH HHS U19 AG074865NIA NIH HHS U24 AG058556NIA NIH HHS U54 AG044170NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM109025NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS107900NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS141777Royal Society FCG/R1/201034U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) K12AR084226U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) P20GM109025U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) U01NS141777U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) F32AG071273U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) K01AG071849U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) K01AG075254U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) K23AG065442U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) K23AG065442-03S1U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) P01AG025204U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) P20AG068053U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) P30AG024832U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) P30AG059301U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) P30AG066468U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) R00AG073452U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) R01AG056466U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) R01AG062637U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) R01AG067428U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) R01AG068183U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) R01AG072646U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) R01AG074302U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) R01AG080469U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) R01NS107900U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) RF1AG079397U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) RF1AG55151U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) U01AG097746U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) U01HG010273U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) U19AG063911U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) U19AG074865U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) U54AG044177U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) U54HG007479
Abstract
Globally, the burden of dementia profoundly affects low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with a greater burden and risk for late-life women than men. Structural and social determinants of health, crucial constructs conferring risk and protection from later-life dementia, are relatively understudied, yet essential in LMICs. Typical neuroscience studies have historically been small, with highly selected samples that do not generalize well to target populations in LMICs. To better understand gender and sex differences in dementia risk in LMICs, this Perspective lays out a guiding framework for a global dementia research plan-the Population Neuroscience-Dementia Syndemics Framework. Population neuroscience considers the brain in a multilevel context, from a lifecourse perspective, using tools to enhance internal and external validity, while syndemics suggest that diseases and social conditions may cluster and interact in populations with syndemic risk factors-sociocultural, political, economic, and environmental factors that promote stress pathways and disease.
Indexed as
DementiaDeveloping CountriesNeurosciencesFemaleGlobal HealthHumansMaleRisk FactorsSex Factors
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